## Summary This bill creates an independent Miscarriage of Justice Review Commission to replace the current minister-led process for reviewing possible wrongful convictions. It sets out who can apply, how reviews work, what powers the Commission has to investigate, and what remedies it can order. It also requires public reporting, outreach, and supports for applicants in need. The law comes into force on a date set by the Governor in Council. - Creates an arm’s‑length Commission with a Chief Commissioner and 4–8 other commissioners (s. 696.71(1), Part XXI.2). - Lets eligible people apply for a review; the Commission can investigate and either direct a new trial/hearing or refer the case to a court of appeal (Part XXI.1 — Decision; Remedies). - Allows interim release rules to apply once an application is found admissible, similar to an appeal (Criminal Code s. 679(7)). - Authorizes supports for applicants in need, including translation, basic necessities, and help getting legal assistance (s. 696.84(1)–(2)). - Requires published policies, decisions (with safeguards), and annual reports with disaggregated data and timelines (Part XXI.2 — Policies; Annual Report). - Includes a 5‑year parliamentary review and then every 10 years (Part XXI.1 — Parliamentary Review). ## What it means for you - Households and families - If a family member has a conviction or certain related findings, they can apply for a review to an independent body rather than the Minister of Justice. The Commission must give regular status updates (Part XXI.1 — Review; Handling of application). - If the person has an admissible application, they may seek release from custody while the review or any new hearing proceeds, under the usual bail-on-appeal rules (Criminal Code s. 679(7)). - People convicted or found not criminally responsible - Who is eligible: people found guilty under federal law (including youth cases and guilty pleas), those discharged under s. 730, people designated dangerous or long‑term offenders, and people found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (Part XXI.1 — Application for review). - Appeals first: applications are normally inadmissible if a final appeal decision is still possible, but the Commission can accept earlier in limited cases (e.g., significant new matter, time passed, reasons for no appeal) (Part XXI.1 — Admissibility). - Outcomes: if there are reasonable grounds that a miscarriage of justice may have occurred and it is in the interests of justice, the Commission must direct a new trial/hearing or refer the case to the court of appeal; otherwise it must dismiss the application (Part XXI.1 — Decision; Remedies). - Proof standard: a remedy may be granted even if innocence is not established at this stage (Part XXI.1 — Innocence). - Deceased applicants: only a referral to a court of appeal or dismissal is allowed (Part XXI.1 — Deceased applicant). - Applicants in need - Possible supports include referrals to community services, translation and interpretation, help with necessities like food and housing if without means, and help obtaining legal assistance to make an application or respond to an investigation report (s. 696.84(1)–(2)). - Indigenous, Black, and other overrepresented groups - The Minister must seek a diverse Commission membership. The Commission must consider distinct challenges faced by certain populations, with particular attention to Indigenous and Black applicants, when deciding cases (Part XXI.2 — Commissioners; Part XXI.1 — Decision factors). - Victims and the public - The Commission must publish information about its mandate and its policies; it must also publish its decisions while protecting confidential information and the proper administration of justice (Part XXI.2 — Outreach; Policies; Publication of decisions). - Policies must address how notices and information are provided to victims and other interested persons (Part XXI.2 — Duty to adopt certain policies). - Correctional Service of Canada and Parole Board of Canada - The Commission can direct its employees to notify these bodies to ensure applicants are not blocked from programs, services, or conditional release because they applied (Part XXI.2 — Powers (a.1)). - Lawyers and courts - Courts of appeal may receive referrals treated as if the applicant filed an appeal. The Commission may also ask a court of appeal for an advisory opinion on questions in a case (Part XXI.1 — Remedies; Court of Appeal Opinion Reference). - New trials or hearings can be directed to any proper court (Part XXI.1 — Remedies). - Transition from the old process - Existing ministerial applications may be transferred to the Commission with the applicant’s consent. If no consent and the Minister’s preliminary assessment was done, the old process continues; if not done, the application is deemed not made and the person can apply anew to the Commission (Transitional Provisions). - A prior ministerial dismissal does not bar a new application under the new scheme (Transitional Provisions). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - The bill requires public funds (Royal Recommendation) to establish and operate a new federal Commission, compensate commissioners and staff, and contract services (Remuneration and Expenses; s. 696.84(1)) (Recommendation; Part XXI.2). - Authorized spending areas: - Commissioner remuneration and travel (Remuneration; Expenses) (Part XXI.2). - Hiring employees under the Public Service Employment Act (Part XXI.2 — Staff). - Contracts for investigations and expert services (Part XXI.2 — Powers (d)). - Supports to applicants in need, including necessities and legal assistance (s. 696.84(1)–(2)). - Outreach, website publication, and annual reporting (Part XXI.2 — Outreach; Annual report). - Downstream fiscal impacts: - Courts of appeal and trial courts may see added workload from referrals and new trials/hearings (Part XXI.1 — Remedies). Amounts: Data unavailable. - Correctional and parole processes may require adjustments to avoid barriers for applicants (Part XXI.2 — Powers (a.1)). Amounts: Data unavailable. - No specific dollar amounts or multi‑year appropriations are stated in the bill. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Independence and access: Moving reviews from the Minister to an arm’s‑length Commission should improve fairness and reduce real or perceived political influence (Part XXI.2 — Commission established; Mandate). - Faster, clearer process: Required status updates, published policies, and decision publication improve transparency and predictability for applicants and the public (Part XXI.1 — Handling of application; Part XXI.2 — Policies; Publication of decisions). - Better fit for complex cases: The Commission has investigation powers under the Inquiries Act and can hire experts, which may uncover new information in wrongful conviction claims (Part XXI.1 — Investigation; Powers (4)–(5)). - Safety valve on appeals: The Commission can accept applications even when appeals were not pursued if specific factors are met, which may help people who faced barriers to appealing (Part XXI.1 — Admissibility; Exception). - Equity focus: Decision factors explicitly require attention to challenges faced by Indigenous and Black applicants, and the Commission’s composition must reflect Canadian diversity (Part XXI.1 — Decision factors; Part XXI.2 — Commissioners; Diversity). - Practical support: Translation, basic needs, and help obtaining legal assistance can make the process accessible to low‑income and marginalized applicants (s. 696.84(2)). - Accountability: Annual reports with disaggregated data, outcomes, and timelines, plus a parliamentary review after 5 years, create clear public oversight (Part XXI.2 — Annual report; Part XXI.1 — Parliamentary Review). ## Opponents' View - Cost and growth of bureaucracy: A new federal body with commissioners, staff, contractors, and applicant supports will add ongoing costs; the bill provides no cost cap or estimate (Part XXI.2 — Remuneration; Powers; s. 696.84(2)). Amounts: Data unavailable. - Finality and court burden: Allowing referrals and new trials may increase court workloads and prolong litigation, affecting victims and witnesses and straining provincial justice resources (Part XXI.1 — Remedies). Quantitative impact: Data unavailable. - Public safety and detention concerns: Treating admissible applicants like appellants for interim release could increase releases of serious offenders pending review (Criminal Code s. 679(7)). The bill does not set added safeguards beyond existing bail criteria. - Low threshold for intervention: The Commission may grant a remedy without proof of innocence, which some view as too low and potentially disruptive to settled verdicts (Part XXI.1 — Innocence; Decision; Remedies). - Policy oversight: Commission policies are not statutory instruments, limiting external scrutiny before they take effect (Part XXI.2 — Statutory Instruments Act (4)). - Overlap with social services: Funding necessities like food and housing for applicants may duplicate provincial programs and create uneven support across applicants (s. 696.84(2)(c)). Coordination requirements are not specified (Data unavailable). - Transition complexity: Split pathways for legacy cases (consent to transfer, preliminary assessments, late consent) may cause confusion or delay for applicants and counsel (Transitional Provisions).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 827 · Agreed To · June 17, 2024
Division 826 · Negatived · June 17, 2024
Division 811 · Agreed To · June 11, 2024
## Summary This bill creates a temporary GST/HST holiday for a defined list of goods and some food-and-beverage services from December 14, 2024 to February 15, 2025. It does this by “zero‑rating” those items during the window, which means sellers charge 0% GST/HST on eligible sales while keeping normal input tax credit rules (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). It also waives GST/HST on qualifying imports and on items brought into HST provinces during the same period (Schedule VII and Schedule X amendments). - Zero‑rates certain children’s items, printed books and similar media, qualifying newspapers, Christmas trees, many toys and games, video game consoles, and specified alcoholic beverages (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Zero‑rates restaurant and catering services for food, non‑alcoholic drinks, and eligible alcoholic drinks, if fully paid for and provided within the window, with limited exclusions referenced in the bill (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Applies only if the buyer pays in full and receives delivery during the window; a shipment handed to a carrier or mailed within the window counts as delivered then (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Extends the holiday to qualifying imports and to property brought into HST provinces during the window (Schedule VII and Schedule X amendments). - Does not affect items already exempt or already zero‑rated (e.g., basic groceries), and does not change separate provincial sales taxes outside the HST system (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). ## What it means for you - Households - You will not pay GST/HST on listed goods bought and delivered between December 14, 2024 and February 15, 2025. This includes children’s car seats, clothing, diapers, and footwear (as defined in the referenced regulations) (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Printed books, qualifying newspapers, scripture, and audiobooks that are spoken readings of printed books are zero‑rated during the window (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Christmas trees (natural or artificial) are zero‑rated during the window (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Toys, dolls, plush toys, board and card games, jigsaw puzzles, building sets, and similar items for children under 14 are zero‑rated. Video game consoles, game controllers, and physical game media for those consoles are also zero‑rated; digital downloads are not listed (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Restaurant and catering bills for food, non‑alcoholic drinks, and “eligible beverages” (defined alcoholic drinks) are zero‑rated if you pay and receive the service during the window, subject to a limited exclusion referenced in the bill (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - In HST provinces (Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador), the full HST drops to 0% on eligible items. In other provinces and territories, only the 5% GST drops to 0%; separate PST/QST remains unchanged (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - To qualify, you must pay in full and receive delivery during the window. For shipped orders, if the seller hands the item to a carrier or mails it during the window, it counts as delivered then (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Alcohol purchasers - Beer, wine, sake, certain fortified products up to 22.9% alcohol by volume, packaged drinks up to 7% alcohol by volume, and certain mixtures are “eligible beverages.” These are zero‑rated if paid for and delivered during the window, including in restaurants and catering (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Readers and media users - Printed books and updates, scripture, qualifying newspapers, and audiobooks that are spoken readings of printed books are zero‑rated. Certain book “bundles” (composite property) are included as defined in regulations (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Online shoppers and importers - For eligible goods, if the seller ships by common carrier, mail, or courier during the window, the sale qualifies as delivered then. Imports of eligible goods during the window should not be charged GST/HST at the border (Schedule VII amendment; Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Businesses and charities - You must charge 0% GST/HST on eligible sales in the window, but continue to claim input tax credits as usual. Keep records showing full payment and delivery occurred during the window (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Point‑of‑sale systems and invoices must reflect zero‑rating for eligible items from December 14, 2024 to February 15, 2025, and normal rates before and after. - For shipped orders, document the date you gave the goods to a carrier, mailed them, or made them available for pickup to support zero‑rating (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - The import and “brought into a participating province” rules align with the zero‑rating list, affecting self‑assessment and border treatment for eligible goods (Schedule VII and Schedule X amendments). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key fiscal mechanics - The bill zero‑rates GST/HST on specified supplies for December 14, 2024–February 15, 2025, which reduces federal GST revenue and the provincial HST component in participating provinces for those items (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Imports of listed goods and property brought into participating provinces are also zero‑rated during the window, reducing border and self‑assessed GST/HST on those items (Schedule VII and Schedule X amendments). - No direct appropriations are included. Administrative costs for implementation and guidance are not specified. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Immediate, visible relief at checkout on common family purchases and restaurant meals, without applications or delays; the tax drops to 0% on eligible sales during the window (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Supports restaurants and hospitality by removing GST/HST on food, non‑alcoholic drinks, and eligible alcoholic beverages for on‑premise and catered service during the window (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Helps parents and students by zero‑rating children’s clothing, car seats, diapers, toys, books, newspapers, and scripture during a high‑spending season (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Time‑limited design contains the fiscal impact while using existing GST/HST systems, which may be simpler to administer than creating a new benefit program (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Clear timing rules (pay and deliver during the window; shipping deemed delivered when handed to carrier or mailed) reduce disputes over eligibility (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). ## Opponents' View - Broad tax holidays are not targeted. Savings scale with how much a household spends in the window, so higher spenders may receive more of the benefit. Distributional impact estimates are not provided. Data unavailable. - Complex eligibility and timing rules (full payment, delivery window, special shipping deeming, cross‑references to other schedules and regulations) could cause compliance errors and disputes, especially around returns and backorders (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Short duration may shift purchases into the window rather than lower overall yearly costs, while still reducing tax revenue for the period. Net economic effect is not quantified. Data unavailable. - Including alcoholic beverages, video game consoles, and controllers may dilute the focus on essentials, raising questions about cost‑effectiveness (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI). - Businesses must reconfigure point‑of‑sale systems twice (start and end of window), train staff, and maintain extra documentation, which adds administrative burden without compensation (Bill Part XI of Schedule VI; Schedule VII and Schedule X amendments).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 904 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
## Summary This bill removes “plastic manufactured items” from the list of toxic substances in Schedule 1 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA). It has one clause and takes effect on Royal Assent. It does not change any other part of CEPA or add new programs (Bill, clause 1). - Removes the legal basis in CEPA to regulate “plastic manufactured items” as a toxic substance (CEPA s.93). - Could affect federal rules that relied on that listing, such as the Single-Use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SUPPR) (SUPPR RIAS). - Does not change other CEPA listings (for example, microbeads remain separately listed). - Provinces and municipalities can still set their own rules on plastics; this bill does not affect them. - No timelines are set; the change would be immediate on Royal Assent. ## What it means for you - Households - Federal CEPA powers could no longer be used to ban broad categories of plastic items as “toxic” based on the “plastic manufactured items” listing (CEPA s.93). Availability of certain single-use plastic products may change only if Ottawa amends or repeals existing regulations (SUPPR RIAS). - Provincial or municipal bans or fees on plastics would continue if they exist; this bill does not alter those laws. - Businesses (manufacturers, importers, retailers, food service) - CEPA would no longer support federal restrictions that depend on “plastic manufactured items” being on Schedule 1. Existing CEPA regulations tied to that listing would need a new legal basis or amendment to continue (CEPA s.93; SUPPR RIAS). - Compliance duties created solely under that listing could lessen if the federal government changes or withdraws related regulations. Other federal, provincial, or municipal rules would still apply. Data on timing is unavailable. - Local governments - No direct change to municipal waste or bylaw powers. Any change in federal rules could shift more responsibility for plastics management to provinces and municipalities. Data unavailable. - Federal agencies - Environment and Climate Change Canada would update CEPA’s Schedule 1 and assess any regulations that rely on the deleted item (Bill, clause 1; CEPA s.93). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note published. The bill has no appropriations, taxes, or fees (Bill, clause 1). - Administrative work would include updating Schedule 1 and reviewing any dependent regulations. Quantified costs: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - The Schedule 1 listing for “plastic manufactured items” is overly broad and does not meet CEPA’s standard for toxicity; a Federal Court set aside the listing as unreasonable. Removing it aligns the law with that ruling and reduces legal risk (2023 FC 1511). - Deleting the item prevents federal overreach and restores regulatory certainty for manufacturers, retailers, and consumers who faced bans based on a broad category rather than specific harmful substances (2023 FC 1511; CEPA s.93). - Businesses would avoid compliance costs linked to category-wide bans, and supply chains would face fewer disruptions. Specific savings are not quantified in the bill. Data unavailable. - Governments can target problematic plastics through narrower, evidence-based tools or recycling and extended producer responsibility programs under provincial authority, without using CEPA’s toxic-substance powers for broad product classes (CEPA scheme; Data unavailable). ## Opponents' View - Removing the item would undercut federal single-use plastics rules that rely on CEPA’s toxic-substance powers, weakening national efforts to reduce plastic waste and litter (CEPA s.93; SUPPR RIAS). - Canada generates about 3.3 million tonnes of plastic waste per year; about 9% is recycled, and an estimated 29,000 tonnes leak into the environment. Critics say limiting federal tools could slow progress on these problems (ECCC 2019 study). - A repeal may create a patchwork of provincial and municipal rules, raising compliance complexity and leaving gaps where no subnational rules exist. Evidence on net effect is uncertain. Data unavailable. - Narrowing CEPA’s scope to exclude a broad class may make it harder to act on emerging risks like microplastics shed from many products. While some specific plastics remain listed (for example, microbeads), opponents say source reduction is harder without this category (CEPA Schedule 1; Data unavailable).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 909 · Negatived · December 4, 2024
## Summary This bill changes how Canada regulates most natural health products (NHPs) under the Food and Drugs Act. It removes NHPs from the definition of “therapeutic product,” so they are not monitored like prescription and over‑the‑counter drugs. It keeps specific safety recall powers for NHPs and carves out an exception for nicotine NHPs used in nicotine replacement therapy, which remain regulated as therapeutic products (Bill: definition; application clause). - Most NHPs would no longer be treated as “therapeutic products,” reducing the drug‑style monitoring that applies to them (Bill: definition). - Health Canada’s recall powers, related duties, and penalties would still apply to NHPs (Bill: application of ss. 21.3–21.303; new regulation‑making powers in s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02)). - NHPs with nicotine used for nicotine replacement therapy would remain regulated as therapeutic products (Bill: definition). - Two existing provisions, section 21.321 and subsection 21.8(2), would be repealed (Bill: repeals). - Prosecutors could not start or continue certain offences against NHPs for conduct between the effective date of Budget Implementation Act, 2023, No. 1, section 500, and this bill’s coming‑into‑force date (Bill: Transitional Provision). ## What it means for you - Households - Most vitamins, minerals, herbal remedies, and similar NHPs would be monitored under a lighter regime than drugs. Health Canada could still recall an unsafe NHP and set penalties for not following a recall (Bill: application of ss. 21.3–21.303; s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02)). - If you use nicotine replacement therapy that is sold as an NHP, it would still be regulated like a therapeutic product, with full drug‑style monitoring (Bill: definition). - Timing: Changes take effect on the day the Act comes into force (the date of Royal Assent), which is not specified in the bill text (Bill: general structure). - Workers and health care providers - Duties tied specifically to NHPs under the provisions being repealed would end. Other recall‑related duties for NHPs would remain, per sections 21.3–21.303 (Bill: repeals; application clause). - Institutions should review updated Health Canada guidance once issued to confirm any changes to reporting or compliance steps for NHPs. Exact changes depend on how existing duties map to provisions kept or repealed (Bill: repeals; application clause). - Businesses (manufacturers, importers, distributors, retailers of NHPs) - Most NHPs would no longer be subject to the full therapeutic‑product monitoring regime. Compliance obligations linked only to “therapeutic products” would no longer apply to NHPs, unless the bill explicitly preserves them (Bill: definition; application clause). - You would still be subject to recall orders, related obligations, and penalties for non‑compliance with recall duties, once regulations are made under s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02) (Bill: s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02)). - NHPs containing nicotine for nicotine replacement therapy would continue under the therapeutic‑product rules (Bill: definition). - Transitional clause: No new or ongoing proceedings for offences under ss. 31.2 or 31.4 may proceed for NHP‑related conduct during the specified past window, which could resolve certain pending matters (Bill: Transitional Provision). - Local and provincial/territorial governments - Potential adjustments to enforcement coordination on NHP recalls, as federal recall powers for NHPs remain while other drug‑style tools may no longer apply to NHPs (Bill: application clause). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No appropriation is included in the bill text (Data unavailable). - The bill creates or maintains federal regulatory powers (recalls and penalties) for NHPs but removes broader therapeutic‑product monitoring from NHPs. Administrative costs or savings to Health Canada are not quantified in public documents (Data unavailable). - Any industry compliance cost changes are not quantified in the bill or official non‑partisan analyses (Data unavailable). ## Proponents' View - The bill restores a tailored approach by excluding most NHPs from “therapeutic product” status, so lower‑risk products are not regulated like drugs (Bill: definition; Summary). - It preserves key safety tools for NHPs by applying recall provisions (ss. 21.3–21.303) and by authorizing regulations for NHP recalls and penalties, keeping the ability to act on unsafe products (Bill: application clause; s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02)). - It targets higher‑risk cases by keeping nicotine NHPs used in nicotine replacement therapy under the full therapeutic‑product regime (Bill: definition). - The transitional clause prevents prosecutions for certain NHP offences during a defined past period, which proponents may view as legal clarity and fairness after earlier amendments in Budget Implementation Act, 2023, No. 1 (Bill: Transitional Provision). - By repealing section 21.321 and subsection 21.8(2), the bill removes parts of the drug‑style monitoring that were extended to NHPs, aligning oversight with product risk while retaining recalls (Bill: repeals; Summary). ## Opponents' View - Removing NHPs from “therapeutic product” status could weaken consumer protections that apply to drugs, because only a subset of monitoring tools would continue to apply to NHPs. For example, powers outside ss. 21.3–21.303 (such as certain drug‑specific post‑market tools) would no longer cover NHPs unless separately provided (Bill: definition; application clause). - Repealing section 21.321 and subsection 21.8(2) may eliminate specific safety or reporting tools currently in law; without those, oversight of NHPs could be narrower. The exact impact depends on the content of the repealed provisions in the current Act (Bill: repeals). - Safety enforcement would rely heavily on recalls and related penalties. Other interventions used for drugs, such as certain mandatory label changes or other orders outside ss. 21.3–21.303, may not be available for NHPs (Bill: application clause). - The effectiveness of the recall regime for NHPs will depend on new regulations under s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02). Until regulations are made and in force, penalties and detailed procedures may be limited (Bill: s. 30(1.2)(f.01)–(f.02)). - The transitional clause halts certain prosecutions for past NHP‑related conduct during a specified window, which could reduce accountability for violations in that period (Bill: Transitional Provision).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 789 · Agreed To · May 29, 2024
## Summary This bill changes the Criminal Code to require proof of age and written consent before making, distributing, or advertising pornographic material for money. It creates new crimes and penalties for people and companies that do not verify performers are 18+ and have consented. Courts can also order convicted offenders to remove content and limit their Internet use. - Requires written consent from every person shown, and proof each was 18+ at the time of filming (Bill s. 172.11(1)–(3)). - Makes it a crime to make, distribute, or advertise porn for commercial purposes without that proof (s. 172.11(2)–(3)). - Sets maximum penalties of CAD $500,000 in fines and up to 2 years in jail for indictable offences; up to CAD $100,000 for summary offences (s. 172.11(4)). - Presumes corporations act for commercial purposes unless they show reasonable grounds otherwise (s. 172.11(5)). - Limits the “I thought they were 18” defence unless the maker checked government photo ID and reasonably believed it was authentic (s. 172.11(6)). - Allows courts to order removal of material and restrict Internet use after conviction (s. 172.12(1)). ## What it means for you - Households (viewers) - No age checks for viewers. The bill regulates makers, distributors, and advertisers, not viewers (s. 172.11(2)–(3)). - Some content may be removed or become unavailable if companies cannot meet the new proof rules (s. 172.12(1)(b)–(c)). - Performers and models - Must give written consent for your image to appear in a porn video or photo (s. 172.11(1)). - You may withdraw consent in writing later; distributors must confirm consent has not been withdrawn before distributing or advertising (s. 172.11(3)). The bill does not set a process or timeline for withdrawals (s. 172.13). - Makers/producers (including independent creators) - Must verify and document that each person is 18+ by checking government-issued photo ID or other prescribed documents and keep records as required by regulation (s. 172.11(6); s. 172.13). - Must obtain written consent from each person shown before making the material (s. 172.11(2)). - Face fines up to $500,000 and up to 2 years in jail (indictable) or up to $100,000 (summary) for non-compliance (s. 172.11(4)). - Aggravating factors at sentencing include if a person was under 18 or did not consent, or if the material is obscene or hate-promoting (s. 172.11(7)). - Distributors and platforms (including websites) and advertisers - Must obtain written confirmation from the maker that every person shown was 18+ at the time of production, consented, and has not withdrawn consent (s. 172.11(3)). - Must keep records as regulations may require, for a set period to be defined (s. 172.13). - Corporate entities are presumed to act for commercial purposes (s. 172.11(5)). - Courts may order removal of offending material and set Internet-use limits for convicted offenders (s. 172.12(1)). - Law enforcement and courts - Gain new offences to investigate and prosecute (s. 172.11(2)–(3)). - May impose takedown and Internet restriction orders on conviction, with penalties up to 2 years’ imprisonment for violating those orders (s. 172.12(1)–(4)). - Timing - No specific coming-into-force clause; under the default rule, provisions take effect on Royal Assent. Regulations on acceptable documents and recordkeeping may follow (s. 172.13). - Scope limits and defences - Applies to “commercial purposes.” Non-commercial creation or sharing is not covered by these new offences, though other laws still apply (s. 172.11(2)–(3)). - A limited “public good” defence exists (e.g., for acts that serve the public good and do not go beyond that), decided by courts (s. 172.11(8)–(9)). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Fiscal information - No appropriation or funding in the bill. Data unavailable. - Government enforcement and court costs: Data unavailable. - Potential fine revenue from convictions: Up to $500,000 per indictable offence; up to $100,000 per summary offence. Actual amounts and frequency: Data unavailable (s. 172.11(4)). ## Proponents' View - Strengthens prevention of child sexual exploitation by requiring ID checks and written consent before production and distribution (s. 172.11(2)–(3), (6)). - Closes gaps for large platforms by requiring written confirmation from makers and presuming corporate commercial purpose, making enforcement more practical (s. 172.11(3), (5)). - Creates clear documentation trails and retention authority so investigators can verify age and consent (s. 172.13). - Provides faster removal tools through court orders against convicted offenders, helping limit ongoing harm (s. 172.12(1)(b)–(c)). - Increases penalties when minors or non-consensual acts are involved, aligning punishment with harm (s. 172.11(7)). - Preserves space for legitimate public-interest content through the “public good” defence, subject to court oversight (s. 172.11(8)–(9)). ## Opponents' View - Compliance burden and costs may be high for small creators and independent distributors, who must verify IDs, track consent status, and maintain records; the bill provides no funding (s. 172.11(2)–(3); s. 172.13). - Privacy and data security risks increase if companies store large volumes of sensitive ID and consent documents; the bill requires records but sets no explicit security standards (s. 172.13). - Tracking “withdrawn consent” across reshares and third-party uploads may be difficult, risking over-removal or legal exposure for distributors who miss updates (s. 172.11(3)). - The presumption that corporations act for commercial purposes shifts the burden onto defendants and may capture platforms with mixed content that rely on ads (s. 172.11(5)). - Possible chilling effect on lawful adult sexual expression if businesses over-comply or restrict content to avoid liability; “public good” defence is narrow and uncertain in scope (s. 172.11(8)–(9)). - Overlap with existing Criminal Code offences on child pornography and non-consensual distribution could create complexity without added resources for enforcement. Data unavailable.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 758 · Agreed To · May 8, 2024
## Summary Bill C-20 creates a new independent body, the Public Complaints and Review Commission (PCRC), to replace the RCMP’s Civilian Review and Complaints Commission and to extend independent oversight to the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) for the first time. It sets out how the PCRC will receive, investigate, and review public complaints about RCMP and CBSA conduct and service, and how it will review specified activities of both agencies. It also adds rules for “serious incidents” involving CBSA personnel and updates related federal laws. - Creates the PCRC with powers to investigate complaints and review RCMP and CBSA activities; publishes service standards and annual reports, including disaggregated race-based data (Part 1; Annual report). - Allows anyone to file complaints within 2 years (extensions possible), with a right to refer unsatisfactory outcomes to the PCRC for review within 60 days (Part 2 — Complaints; Referral). - Lets the PCRC Chair recommend disciplinary processes or measures; requires RCMP/CBSA leaders to respond and inform the Minister if they decline (Part 2 — Disciplinary recommendations). - Requires CBSA to notify police and the PCRC about alleged serious incidents; allows a PCRC-appointed observer to assess impartiality (CBSA Act s.14.1–14.9). - Carves out national security matters for referral to the National Security and Intelligence Review Agency (NSIRA) to avoid overlap (Part 1 — National security; Part 2 s.52(8); Part 4 — Cooperation). - Comes into force on a date set by Order in Council (Coming into Force). ## What it means for you - Households and travelers - You can file a complaint about RCMP or CBSA conduct or service level. Complaints must be within 2 years, but the PCRC can extend the deadline (Part 2 — Complaints). - If you are not satisfied with RCMP/CBSA’s handling, you can ask the PCRC to review it within 60 days. The PCRC may investigate further or hold a hearing (Part 2 — Referral; Review; Hearings). - The PCRC, RCMP, and CBSA must publish service standards for timelines and provide status updates to complainants (Part 1 — Service standards; Part 2 — Updates). - The PCRC will publish annual summaries and trend data, including disaggregated demographic and race-based data that is anonymized (Part 1 — Annual report). - People detained by CBSA - You must be told, as soon as feasible, about your right to make a complaint to the PCRC and how to do it (Part 4 — Right to be informed). - Where CBSA uses provincial facilities to detain people, the federal government should ensure the province has an independent body to receive detention-condition complaints; temporary exceptions are allowed in urgent cases (CBSA Act s.13(3)–(4)). - CBSA must share with the PCRC information about detention-related complaints and monitoring reports it receives (CBSA Act s.13(5)–(6)). - RCMP and CBSA employees - Your conduct may be investigated by your agency or by the PCRC. Union representatives must be allowed to make representations (Part 2 — Investigations; Representations). - The PCRC Chair can recommend starting a disciplinary process, or recommend a disciplinary measure if there are multiple substantiated serious cases. The Commissioner/President must inform the Minister if they choose not to act (Part 2 — Disciplinary recommendations). - There are new offences for obstruction, harassment, and destroying documents related to a complaint (fines up to $5,000 and/or up to 6 months in jail; up to 5 years for serious offences) (Part 4 — Offences). - Local and provincial governments - Provinces that contract RCMP policing will receive province-specific PCRC reports on complaint numbers, types, dispositions, and trends (Part 1 — Annual report — provinces). - Provincial ministers can ask the federal Minister to have the PCRC review specified RCMP activities in their province (Part 1 — Review for province). - For CBSA detention agreements, provinces are expected to have an independent detention-complaints body (CBSA Act s.13(3)). - Participants in cross‑border law enforcement operations - Complaints and reviews related to “integrated cross-border operations” fall under the PCRC with tailored rules. The Central Authority is the point of contact, and joint investigations with other jurisdictions are allowed (Part 3 — Application; Complaints; Joint investigations). - Witnesses and service users - The PCRC can compel witness attendance and documents, similar to a superior court, with protections for compelled testimony (Part 2 — Commission’s powers). - Hearings are public unless privacy, law enforcement, or national security risks require in camera sessions (Part 2 — Hearings). - Timing - These changes take effect on a date set by Cabinet through an Order in Council (Coming into Force). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - The bill includes a Royal Recommendation authorizing public spending to establish and operate the PCRC, but it does not state dollar amounts (Recommendation; Short Title). - Explicit appropriations are not listed in the bill. Operating costs will include PCRC members and staff, regional offices, technical experts, and travel expenses per Treasury Board rules (Part 1 — Establishment; Head office; Staff; Technical assistance). - Agencies may incur compliance and reporting costs to meet service standards, information-sharing, and annual reporting duties (Part 1 — Service standards; Information provisions; Annual reports). - Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Extends independent oversight to CBSA for the first time, closing a gap in accountability for border conduct and detention conditions (Part 1 — Powers; CBSA Act s.13(3)–(6); s.14.1–14.9). - Sets service standards and requires regular updates to complainants, which should reduce delays and improve transparency (Part 1 — Service standards; Part 2 — Updates). - Strengthens investigative tools: the PCRC can compel witnesses and documents, conduct hearings, and access relevant information, including some privileged information in defined cases (Part 2 — Commission’s powers; Part 1 — Information provisions). - Adds deterrence through new offences for harassment, obstruction, or document destruction during complaint processes (fines up to $5,000; jail up to 6 months; up to 5 years for serious offences) (Part 4 — Offences). - Increases transparency through annual public reports, province-specific reports, and anonymized race-based data to identify trends and disparities (Part 1 — Annual reports). - Provides special oversight of CBSA serious incidents via mandatory notification, investigations, and PCRC-appointed observers to assess impartiality (CBSA Act s.14.2–14.7). ## Opponents' View - Recommendations are not binding. The RCMP Commissioner or CBSA President can decline to act on PCRC findings and only need to give reasons to the PCRC and the Minister, which may limit real consequences (Part 2 — Commissioner’s/President’s response; Final report). - Significant carve-outs: the PCRC cannot review national security activities and must refer them to NSIRA; extensive privileges and information-protection rules may restrict access to key evidence (Part 1 — National security; Information provisions; Part 2 s.52(8)). - CBSA “serious incident” investigations are led by CBSA itself with an observer, not by an external investigative body, raising concerns about independence (CBSA Act s.14.3–14.7). - Timelines depend on future service standards; no statutory deadlines in the bill, so delays and backlogs are possible if resources are tight (Part 1 — Service standards). - New reporting of disaggregated demographic and race-based data requires strong safeguards to prevent re-identification; the bill requires anonymization but implementation details depend on regulations and practice (Part 1 — Annual report). - Implementation and ongoing operating costs are not detailed in the bill; without clear funding and staffing levels, the Commission may struggle to meet expectations (Recommendation; Data unavailable).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 806 · Agreed To · June 10, 2024
Division 805 · Negatived · June 10, 2024
Division 795 · Agreed To · June 4, 2024
## Summary - This bill directs the federal Minister of Health to create a national strategy on brain injuries. It focuses on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, recovery, data, and public awareness (s. 2(1)-(2)). - The strategy must include national guidelines, better data collection, online resources, a task force with people who have lived experience, and support for brain injury associations (s. 2(2)(c)-(k)). - The Minister must table the strategy in Parliament within 18 months after the Act comes into force and publish it online within 10 days (Reports to Parliament, Tabling of strategy (1)-(2)). - The Minister must evaluate the strategy within five years of tabling and report back to Parliament (Report (1)-(2)). - Key practical effects: - Creates national guidelines on prevention, diagnosis, and management of brain injuries (s. 2(2)(e)). - Promotes public awareness and rights education for people living with brain injury (s. 2(2)(f)). - Improves research and data on brain injuries in Canada (s. 2(2)(c)). - Establishes a task force including people with brain injuries and Indigenous groups (s. 2(2)(k)). - Enables federal collaboration and financial support for brain injury associations and service providers (s. 2(2)(g)). ## What it means for you - Households and people living with brain injury - Access to national guidelines and plain-language online resources once the strategy is published within 18 months of the Act coming into force (s. 2(2)(e), (j); Reports to Parliament). - Potentially more coordinated supports for mental health and addiction needs linked to brain injury; details depend on the strategy and future funding (s. 2(2)(g), (h), (i)). - No new entitlement to benefits or services is created in the bill; service changes, if any, will come through later programs or agreements (entire Act). - Caregivers and families - Inclusion in the task force and in awareness and education efforts; may see more caregiver-focused resources (s. 2(2)(f), (k)). - Improved information on navigating services through federal online resources (s. 2(2)(j)). - Health care and allied professionals - Identification of training and guidance needs; possible access to national standards of care and best practices (s. 2(2)(b), (e)). - Improved data to inform practice; specifics will depend on how data collection is designed (s. 2(2)(c)). - Schools, sports organizations, and workplaces - Encouraged to consult mental health professionals to support people with brain injuries; this is not a mandate but part of the strategy’s measures (s. 2(2)(h)). - May see national guidelines that influence concussion and return-to-learn/play/work policies (s. 2(2)(e)). - Brain injury associations and service providers - Opportunity for collaboration and potential federal financial support to enhance integrated mental health resources; amounts and programs are not specified (s. 2(2)(g)). - Participation in the task force and knowledge-sharing networks (s. 2(2)(d), (k)). - Provinces, territories, and Indigenous groups - Formal consultation role in developing and evaluating the strategy (s. 2(1); Report (1)). - National guidelines are non-binding; adoption will depend on provincial/territorial decisions (s. 2(2)(e)). - Researchers and data users - Strategy will promote research and improve data collection on incidence, treatment, rehabilitation, and recovery (s. 2(2)(c)). - Centralized online hub for current facts and best practices (s. 2(2)(j)). - Local governments and justice/housing partners - Strategy aims to identify and develop solutions for challenges linked to brain injury, including homelessness and criminality, such as intimate partner violence; participation would be through collaboration with stakeholders (s. 2(2)(i)). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No dollar amounts or appropriations are specified in the bill (entire Act). - Potential federal spending areas implied by the strategy, with amounts and timing not specified: - Financial support to brain injury associations and service providers (s. 2(2)(g)). - Establishing and operating a task force (s. 2(2)(k)). - Developing and publishing national guidelines and online resources (s. 2(2)(e), (j)). - Promoting research and improving data collection (s. 2(2)(c)). - Awareness and education activities (s. 2(2)(f)). - Administrative costs for preparing the strategy within 18 months, publishing it, and conducting the five-year evaluation are not estimated (Reports to Parliament; Report (1)-(2)). ## Proponents' View - A coordinated, national approach will reduce duplication and help align standards of care and prevention across Canada, including in rural and Indigenous communities (s. 2(1), 2(2)(e)). - National guidelines and training supports can improve diagnosis and management, which may lower complications and long-term disability (s. 2(2)(b), (e)). - Better data and research will fill gaps on incidence, treatment outcomes, and recovery, enabling smarter policy and resource allocation (s. 2(2)(c)). - Public awareness and rights education can reduce stigma and improve early care-seeking, especially after sports, workplace, or intimate partner violence-related injuries (s. 2(2)(f), (i)). - The task force, including people with lived experience and Indigenous groups, will make the strategy practical and inclusive (s. 2(2)(k)). - Time-bound reporting (18 months to table; five-year evaluation) adds accountability and a path to course-correct if results are weak (Reports to Parliament; Report (1)-(2)). ## Opponents' View - The bill sets broad duties but includes no funding levels or cost estimates; this risks an unfunded or underfunded strategy (entire Act; s. 2(2)(g)). - Health care is mainly a provincial/territorial responsibility; national guidelines may duplicate or conflict with existing provincial protocols (s. 2(1), 2(2)(e)). - Many provisions use “promote,” “encourage,” and “foster,” which may lead to limited on-the-ground change if participation is voluntary (s. 2(2)(a)-(h)). - Creating a task force and multiple deliverables could add administrative layers without guaranteed service improvements or measurable targets (s. 2(2)(k); Reports to Parliament). - The bill calls for expanded data collection but does not address data governance, interoperability, or privacy safeguards, which could slow implementation (s. 2(2)(c)). - New consultation expectations for schools, sports groups, and workplaces could add workload without clear funding or guidance on execution (s. 2(2)(h)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 812 · Agreed To · June 12, 2024
## Summary This bill orders the federal government to create a national strategy for forecasting floods and droughts. The Minister of the Environment must lead the work, consult many partners, and table the strategy in Parliament within two years of the law taking effect (Bill Section 3; Section 4(1)). A follow-up report on how well the strategy works is due five years after the strategy is tabled (Bill Section 5(1)). - Creates a plan to coordinate flood and drought forecasting across Canada (Bill Section 3(1), 3(3)(c)). - Requires broad consultations with provinces, municipalities, Indigenous governing bodies, universities, civil society, industry, and insurers (Bill Section 3(2)). - Calls for assessments of needs, benefits, and new technologies, plus flood-risk modelling for properties and infrastructure (Bill Section 3(3)(a)-(b)). - Directs preparation of a proposal for a cooperative national hydrological and water-resources forecasting service (Bill Section 3(3)(d)). - Requires public release of the strategy and the later effectiveness report within 10 days of tabling (Bill Section 4(2); Section 5(2)). ## What it means for you - Households - No immediate change to services. The bill creates a strategy, not a new program. Any new maps or alerts would come later, if the government funds and implements the strategy’s proposals (Bill Section 3(3)(d)). - The strategy must assess modelling that identifies properties at flood risk, which could lead to better local risk information in the future (Bill Section 3(3)(b)). - Farmers and water‑dependent industries - Potential for improved short- and long-term drought and flood forecasts, if the proposed national system is later created and funded (Bill Section 3(3)(c)-(d)). - Input opportunities during consultations for sector-specific forecasting needs (Bill Section 3(2)). - Indigenous communities - Guaranteed role in consultations on the strategy’s design and priorities (Bill Section 3(2)). - Possible access to better forecasting and flood‑plain information later, depending on future implementation (Bill Section 3(3)(c)). - Municipalities and provinces - Formal venue to coordinate with the federal government and each other on forecasting and data standards (Bill Section 3(1)-(2)). - The strategy must assess how to delineate current and future flood‑plains, which could inform land-use planning if adopted (Bill Section 3(3)(c)). - Insurance sector - Participation in consultations. Possible access later to nationally consistent risk data and models, aiding pricing and coverage decisions (Bill Section 3(2)-(3)). - Researchers and universities - Expect engagement on model development and integration, as named stakeholders (Bill Section 3(2)). - The strategy will evaluate applying novel technologies in forecasting (Bill Section 3(3)(a)). - Timeline and transparency - Strategy due within two years of the Act coming into force; public online within 10 days of tabling (Bill Section 4(1)-(2)). - Effectiveness report due five years after the strategy is tabled; also published within 10 days (Bill Section 5(1)-(2)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No explicit appropriations or new spending authorities are in the bill text (entire bill). - The bill mandates developing and publishing a strategy and an effectiveness report. Administrative costs are not stated. Data unavailable. - Any future costs to build or run a national forecasting service would depend on later government decisions and funding not contained in this bill (Bill Section 3(3)(d)). ## Proponents' View - National coordination can reduce harm from floods and droughts by improving forecasts and warnings, which are currently fragmented across provinces (Preamble; Bill Section 3(1), 3(3)(c)). - A strategy that assesses new investments and technologies could modernize forecasting using advanced models and computing, improving accuracy and lead time (Preamble; Bill Section 3(3)(a)). - Property- and infrastructure‑level risk modelling can support better land-use planning, mitigation, and insurance pricing (Bill Section 3(3)(b)). - A proposal for a cooperative national hydrological forecasting service gives a concrete next step rather than a vague plan (Bill Section 3(3)(d)). - Broad consultations ensure the strategy reflects needs of provinces, municipalities, Indigenous communities, farmers, and insurers (Bill Section 3(2)). ## Opponents' View - The bill creates a planning process but does not create services; benefits depend on future funding and agreements that are not guaranteed (Bill Section 3(3)(d); Section 4–5). - Possible duplication with existing provincial systems; unclear how federal coordination would align with provincial jurisdiction over water management (Bill Section 3(1)-(2)). - Costs are unspecified. Without a fiscal plan, the scope of proposed national systems and their long‑term operating costs are uncertain. Data unavailable. - Timelines may delay tangible improvements; households and farmers may not see changes until after the two‑year strategy window and subsequent implementation (Bill Section 4(1)). - The Act sets deadlines but no enforcement or penalties for missed milestones, which could limit accountability (Bill Section 4–5).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 801 · Agreed To · June 5, 2024
## Summary This bill requires the federal Minister of Health to create, publish, and regularly update a national plan to prevent and prepare for future pandemics. It also amends the Department of Health Act to require a national coordinator at the Public Health Agency of Canada to lead this work. The plan must use a “One Health” approach (a joint human–animal–environment lens) and include input from several federal ministers, provinces, territories, and Indigenous communities. The first plan is due within two years of the Act coming into force, with updates at least every three years (Bill 3(4), 4(1)). - Sets deadlines to table a public plan within two years and update it at least every three years (Bill 3(4), 4(1)-(3)). - Requires a coordinator at the Public Health Agency of Canada to oversee activities (Department of Health Act amendment). - Mandates collaboration with provinces, territories, and Indigenous communities on data sharing, training, and preparedness (Bill 3(2)(c)-(d)). - Calls for linked disease surveillance systems, stockpile planning, and surge staffing strategies (Bill 3(2)(g), 3(2)(i)(iii)-(iv), 3(2)(j)). - Directs analysis of domestic manufacturing capacity for vaccines, tests, and PPE, and actions to fill gaps (Bill 3(2)(k)(i)). - Requires consideration of measures on activities tied to pandemic risk (e.g., industrial animal agriculture, live animal markets, wildlife trade, land-use change) within the plan (Bill 3(2)(l), 3(2)(m)). ## What it means for you - Households - No immediate changes to daily life. The bill is about planning and reporting, not new rules or benefits. - Future outbreaks may see clearer risk communication and more coordinated responses if measures from the plan are later funded and implemented (Bill 3(2)(i)(v)). - Workers - Essential workers: The plan must address working conditions during outbreaks as part of preparedness strategies (Bill 3(2)(i)(ii)). - Health workers: The plan must “provide for” training to handle sudden surges in patients (Bill 3(2)(j)). This is a planning requirement; training occurs only if funded later. - Businesses - Manufacturers of vaccines, tests, and PPE: The plan must list domestic capacity and steps to address supply gaps (Bill 3(2)(k)(i)). - Communications and app providers: The plan must cover capacity for digital tools, including contact tracing apps (Bill 3(2)(k)(ii)). - Agriculture and wildlife trade sectors: The plan must consider measures to regulate or phase out activities that increase pandemic risk, including parts of industrial animal agriculture, live animal markets, and trade in high-risk species (Bill 3(2)(l)(ii)-(iv), 3(2)(m)(ii)). The bill itself does not enact these measures. - Local and Indigenous governments - Must be engaged in developing the plan, including on data collection and sharing (Bill 3(2)(c)). - May be offered training and support for public health capacity if such measures are later approved and funded (Bill 3(2)(d), 3(2)(h)). - Travelers and border users - The plan must assess how pathogens could enter Canada and summarize border measures that would be used to reduce risk (Bill 3(2)(p)). This is planning only; it does not change current border rules. - Timing - First plan due within two years after the Act comes into force; updates at least every three years (Bill 3(4), 4(1)). - The coordinator position takes effect through the Department of Health Act amendment once the Act is in force (Department of Health Act amendment). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - The bill contains no appropriation or new revenue (no direct spending authority in the text). - Administrative costs for appointing a coordinator, preparing the plan, consultations, tabling, and web publication: Data unavailable. - Potential program costs (if later approved) for training, capacity building, surveillance system interlinking, stockpile management, and manufacturing or communications initiatives are not estimated in the bill (Bill 3(2)(d), 3(2)(g)-(j), 3(2)(k)). - No official fiscal note identified. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Creates a clear, public, and recurring plan with deadlines, improving accountability and learning over time (Bill 3(4)-(5), 4(1)-(3)). - Uses a One Health approach to address risks at the human–animal–environment interface, aligning with international metrics and best science (Bill 3(3)(a)-(c)). - Strengthens core capacities by planning linked surveillance, surge staffing, stockpiles, and risk communication (Bill 3(2)(g), 3(2)(i)(iii)-(v), 3(2)(j)). - Addresses supply vulnerabilities by mapping domestic manufacturing capacity for vaccines, tests, and PPE and steps to close gaps (Bill 3(2)(k)(i)). - Improves coordination across governments and with Indigenous communities, which can reduce confusion during emergencies (Bill 3(2)(c)-(d)). - Integrates international cooperation, border risk analysis, and global health equity measures to reduce importation and spread of disease (Bill 3(2)(n)-(p)). ## Opponents' View - The plan’s scope touches areas of provincial and Indigenous jurisdiction (health service delivery, land use, data sharing), risking overlap or conflict and adding administrative burden (Bill 3(2)(c), 3(2)(m)). - The plan must consider regulatory or phase‑out measures for certain sectors (industrial animal agriculture, live animal markets, high‑risk species), but the bill provides no impact analysis or costs, creating uncertainty for businesses (Bill 3(2)(l)(ii)-(iv), 3(2)(m)(ii)). - Building interlinked surveillance systems and digital contact tracing capacity may raise privacy and cybersecurity concerns; the bill does not set privacy safeguards or data standards (Bill 3(2)(g), 3(2)(k)(ii)). - No funding details. The bill mandates planning deliverables without resources attached, which could lead to unfunded expectations or delays (no appropriation in bill text). - Tight timelines and broad consultation requirements may strain departments and partners, risking a high‑level plan with limited operational detail within the two‑year window (Bill 3(4)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 802 · Agreed To · June 5, 2024
## Summary This bill is the federal government’s first Budget Implementation Act for 2025. It changes many tax rules, creates new programs, sets funding authorities for housing and infrastructure, and launches large regulatory files (like open banking and stablecoins). It also ends several existing taxes and updates many financial and safety laws. Key changes include: - Taxes: raises the Lifetime Capital Gains Exemption to $1.25M, creates a PSW tax credit, expands disability and home accessibility supports, restores faster write‑offs for business investment, and adds a new 10% accelerated write‑off for purpose‑built rental housing. - Housing and consumer taxes: ends the Underused Housing Tax after 2024; ends the luxury tax on aircraft and boats; extends the 100% GST rental rebate to more student and co‑op projects. - Clean economy: extends and expands clean technology and electricity investment tax credits, carbon capture credits, and critical mineral incentives. - Open banking and payments: enacts the Consumer‑Driven Banking Act (data portability with Bank of Canada oversight) and the Stablecoin Act (par‑redemption, 1:1 reserves, no interest, Bank of Canada supervision). - Big projects and institutions: enables a Quebec–Ontario high‑speed rail network; lets Canada Post set postage rates; creates the Environmental Protection Tribunal of Canada. - Social supports: creates the National School Food Program Act (vision and long‑term funding commitment); exempts the new Canada Disability Benefit from income. ## What it means for you - Individuals and families - Higher capital gains exemption (up to $1.25M) on small business shares or farm/fishing property. - New Personal Support Workers tax credit and broader Disability Supports Deduction. - More school food programs over time; federal commitment to long‑term funding and annual reports. - Osteopathic services by non‑physicians become taxable under GST/HST. - Renters and homeowners - Faster tax write‑offs for new purpose‑built rental buildings (may help spur supply). - Enhanced 100% GST rental rebate extended to eligible student residences and co‑ops. - Underused Housing Tax ends for 2025 and later years. - Workers and small businesses - Immediate expensing and accelerated depreciation return for many assets; SR&ED improvements (including some public companies and capital). - Easier rollover for small business shares; extended Mineral Exploration and expanded Critical Mineral credits. - Minister can waive withholding for certain non‑resident service providers (reduces cash‑flow frictions). - Consumers and bank customers - Open banking framework: you can direct your bank to share your data safely with other accredited providers; stronger security, consent, and complaints rules; Bank of Canada oversight. - Banks must get your express consent before activating certain account features and must let you set certain transaction limits. New anti‑fraud policies and reporting. - Crypto and fintech users - Stablecoin issuers must hold a 1:1 reserve in cash or high‑quality liquid assets, redeem at par in the reference currency, and meet strict custody, governance, and reporting rules. No interest payments to holders. - Students - Federal aid will be denied to students at private, for‑profit institutions outside Canada; Ottawa may align with provincial suspensions of institutions or programs. - Indigenous governments - Opt‑in power to levy value‑added sales taxes on fuel, alcohol, cannabis, tobacco and vaping on reserve/settlement lands; some trusts for Indigenous groups exempted from AMT. - Veterans and RCMP members - Pension adjustments clarified; certain RCMP benefits indexed by CPI starting 2027; some Veterans benefits calculations clarified retroactively. - Travelers and mail users - Steps toward high‑speed rail between Quebec and Ontario (land tools, impact assessments, language services). - Canada Post can set postage rates and terms directly; must make rates public and consider fairness. - Charities and donors - Customs duty refunds allowed when certain imported goods are donated to registered charities. ## Expenses Estimated annual cost: No publicly available information. - Enables up to $11.5 billion from the federal treasury for Build Canada Homes and up to $1.515 billion for Canada Lands Company. - Increases Canada Infrastructure Bank’s capital authority to $45 billion. - Commits to long‑term funding for the National School Food Program (no amount stated). - Ends several taxes (Underused Housing Tax from 2025; luxury tax on aircraft and vessels; Digital Services Tax), and expands/creates many credits—these likely reduce revenue; exact impacts are not provided. ## Proponents' View - Boosts housing supply and affordability: faster rental write‑offs, broader GST rental rebates, and new housing entities and funding. - Grows the clean economy with powerful, bankable investment credits for clean electricity, carbon capture, and critical minerals. - Supports workers and inclusion: PSW credit, broader disability supports, school food program, and Canada Disability Benefit tax‑free. - Modernizes finance: open banking to improve competition and consumer control; stablecoin rules to protect users and financial stability. - Cuts red tape and spurs investment: reinstated immediate expensing, SR&ED upgrades, transfer pricing clarity, and innovation sandboxes. - Simplifies/targets taxes: higher capital gains exemption for entrepreneurs; ends UHT burdens and luxury tax on boats/planes. ## Opponents' View - Fiscal risk and complexity: many tax credits and tax cuts with unclear total costs; higher federal borrowing limit (to $2.541 trillion). - Housing tax rollbacks: ending the Underused Housing Tax may remove a tool against vacancy/foreign ownership; rental incentives may not translate into lower rents quickly. - Distribution concerns: higher capital gains exemptions may favour higher‑income owners; ending luxury tax reduces revenue and perceived fairness. - Consumer and privacy risks: open banking and stablecoin regimes add cyber and data‑sharing exposure if not enforced tightly. - Institutional powers: Canada Post rate‑setting without prior regulation could raise prices; wide ministerial interim orders and exemptions reduce oversight. - High‑speed rail land powers and expropriation changes may worry affected landowners and communities.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 53 · Negatived · December 8, 2025
## Summary - This bill creates two new laws. One aims to ease trade and worker mobility within Canada. The other sets a faster path to approve big projects that are in the national interest. - It would treat goods, services, and some worker licenses that meet one province’s or territory’s rules as meeting comparable federal rules. - It would let the federal cabinet label certain large projects as “national interest projects” and bundle federal approvals into one document with conditions. - It adds public transparency, Indigenous consultation, and national security checks for these projects. - Some normal federal review steps would be shortened or replaced, with guardrails for safety, security, and the environment. - Parts of the law would be reviewed after five years. Key changes - Goods and services: If they meet a province’s or territory’s standards, they are treated as meeting comparable federal requirements for moving across provinces. - Workers: If you hold a provincial or territorial authorization for an occupation, a comparable federal authorization must be issued to you. - Overrides: If there is a conflict, these new trade and mobility rules would override other federal rules. - National interest projects: Cabinet can add projects to a public list after 30 days’ notice and consultation; consent is needed if the project is only under provincial or territorial powers. - Streamlined approvals: For listed projects, required federal determinations are deemed favourable. The minister must issue one document that sets all conditions and counts as the needed federal authorizations. - Safeguards: Nuclear and energy regulators must confirm safety and security. Indigenous peoples must be consulted with a public report. All studies, conditions, and reasons must be published before approval. Projects must start within five years or approvals expire. - Limits and oversight: Powers to add projects or make related regulations end after five years and can’t be used when Parliament is prorogued or dissolved. Annual independent reviews and public reports are required. ## What it means for you - Workers and professionals - Easier to work across Canada if your job also needs a federal authorization. Your provincial or territorial authorization would be recognized, and a comparable federal one must be issued. - Less duplicate testing or paperwork to get federal recognition. - Businesses selling across provinces - If your product or service meets rules in one province or territory, it would be treated as meeting comparable federal rules for moving it across Canada. - Less duplication of federal compliance steps tied to interprovincial trade. - Consumers - Potential for more choice and lower costs if products and services can move more easily across provinces. - Large project developers (energy, transport, corridors, Northern projects, etc.) - A faster, one-window federal process if your project is listed as in the national interest. - You must still meet requirements, pay fees, and follow conditions. All conditions will be public before approval. - You must start the project within five years or the authorization expires. - Indigenous peoples - Required consultation with a process for active and meaningful participation. - A public report on consultations must be posted within 60 days of approval. - Provinces and territories - The federal government must consult you before listing a project in your jurisdiction and obtain written consent if it falls in your exclusive powers. - Trade and mobility changes target federal barriers; provincial rules still apply. - Environment and safety - Some early planning steps in the federal impact assessment process would not apply to listed projects, but an impact assessment is still required. - Nuclear and energy projects cannot be approved through this process unless safety and security are confirmed by the relevant regulators. - Project studies, recommendations, and reasons for decisions must be published. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Cuts red tape so goods, services, and workers can move more freely within Canada, helping the economy. - Speeds up critical national projects, boosting jobs, growth, trade corridors, and energy security. - Gives investors certainty through a clear, time-bound process and one federal authorization document. - Maintains protections: independent safety checks for nuclear and energy, public conditions and studies, national security reviews, and required Indigenous consultation. - Respects provincial roles by requiring consent for projects in areas that are only provincial or territorial. - Adds accountability with annual independent reviews and public reporting. ## Opponents' View - Centralizes power in cabinet and a minister, which could weaken the role of independent regulators and normal review steps. - “Deeming” favourable federal determinations may lower environmental or safety scrutiny, even with conditions attached. - Alters parts of the impact assessment process and could reduce early public participation, risking legal challenges. - Treating provincial standards as “comparable” to federal ones may cause uneven protection or a “race to the bottom.” - Indigenous consultation requirements may not equal consent, raising concerns about rights and project legitimacy. - Transparency and new offices or registries may still leave gaps, and shifting rules could create confusion for businesses and regulators.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 34 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 33 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 32 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 31 · Negatived · June 20, 2025
Division 30 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 29 · Negatived · June 20, 2025
Division 28 · Negatived · June 20, 2025
Division 27 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 26 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 25 · Agreed To · June 20, 2025
Division 24 · Negatived · June 20, 2025
Division 23 · Negatived · June 20, 2025
Division 13 · Agreed To · June 16, 2025
## Summary Bill S-205 changes Canada’s Criminal Code to tighten bail and expand “peace bond” tools in domestic violence cases. It adds a new recognizance (a court order to keep the peace with conditions, even without a conviction) specific to domestic violence fears and updates rules for monitoring and privacy. It also requires a simple victim-notification check when release orders are made and adjusts youth court rules. The law takes effect 180 days after Royal Assent. - Stricter bail rule for people charged with intimate partner violence who have a past conviction or discharge for violence against any intimate partner (s.515(6)(b.1)). - Judges must confirm victims were told they can ask for a copy of a release order (s.515(14.1)). - New domestic-violence recognizance (s.810.03) allows court-ordered conditions for up to 12 months, or up to 2 years if there is a prior violent conviction. - Possible conditions include electronic monitoring, no-contact, geographic limits, firearms bans, treatment, and drug/alcohol abstention with testing (s.810.03(6)–(8)). - Privacy limits and destruction rules for bodily samples collected to enforce abstention conditions (s.810.3(3)–(4); s.810.4(1)–(3)). - Youth justice courts handle these orders for young people, with capped custody if a youth refuses the recognizance (YCJA s.14(2); s.142(1)(a)). ## What it means for you - Households - If you fear domestic violence, you or someone on your behalf may ask a judge for a recognizance (peace bond) with safety conditions, even if no charge is laid (s.810.03(1)–(3)). Orders can last up to 12 months, or up to 2 years if the person has a past violent conviction against any intimate partner or child (s.810.03(4)). - Judges can order no‑contact, stay‑away zones, curbs on travel, treatment programs, electronic monitoring (with Attorney General consent), and firearms prohibitions (s.810.03(6)–(8)). - If you are Indigenous (as informant or defendant), the judge must consider recommending Indigenous support services instead of an order, if available (s.810.03(4.1)). - Victims and survivors of intimate partner violence - When a judge issues a release order (bail), they must ask the prosecutor if victims were informed of their right to request a copy of that order (s.515(14.1)). - Courts must consider banning firearms and related items; if they choose not to, they must record reasons (s.810.03(7)–(9)). A coordinating clause adds “firearm part” if Bill C‑21 is in force (Coordinating Amendment s.2–3). - Privacy protections apply to any bodily samples taken to enforce abstention conditions; results are for compliance checks or breach cases, not other uses (s.810.4(1)–(3)). - Accused/Defendants in intimate partner violence cases - If charged with violence against an intimate partner and you have a past conviction or a discharge under s.730 for violence against any intimate partner, you fall under the s.515(6) bail rule that places the onus on you to show why you should be released (s.515(6)(b.1)). - If you refuse to enter a recognizance ordered under s.810.03, a judge may jail you for up to 12 months (s.810.03(5)). - If ordered to abstain from drugs/alcohol, you may be required to provide bodily samples based on reasonable grounds of breach, or at regular intervals no more often than every 7 days, with advance notice (s.810.03(6)(g)–(h); s.810.3(6)). - Youth and families - Youth justice courts have exclusive jurisdiction over these recognizance orders for young people, and if a youth refuses to enter an order, custody cannot exceed 30 days; other youth sentences may apply (YCJA s.14(2); s.142(1)(a)). - Firearms owners - If a domestic-violence recognizance includes a firearms condition, the order must state how to surrender or dispose of firearms, ammunition, licences, and certificates (s.810.03(8)). - Police, probation, and courts - Attorneys General must set designations/specifications for which bodily substances may be taken and how samples are handled and destroyed; samples must be destroyed within the prescribed period unless needed for a breach case (s.810.3(1), (3)–(4)). - Courts must consult informants about safety needs before changing recognizance conditions (s.810.03(10)–(11)). - Existing domestic‑violence peace bond applications under s.810 convert to s.810.03 on the in‑force date if not yet decided (Transitional Provision). - Timing - The Act takes effect 180 days after Royal Assent (Coming into Force). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key fiscal considerations - No direct federal appropriation or new federal fees in the bill text (Bill, passim). - Potential provincial/territorial costs for: - Additional bail hearings and recognizance proceedings (s.515; s.810.03). - Electronic monitoring where ordered and supported by the Attorney General (s.810.03(6)(d)). - Laboratory analysis and handling/destruction of bodily samples (s.810.03(6)(g)–(h); s.810.3(3)–(4)). - Supervision and enforcement of conditions, including firearms surrender logistics (s.810.03(7)–(8)). - Quantified amounts: Data unavailable from the bill text or official non‑partisan sources. Item | Amount | Frequency | Source --- | --- | --- | --- Federal appropriations | Data unavailable | — | Bill text Provincial/territorial justice system costs | Data unavailable | Ongoing | Bill text (procedural mandates/options) Electronic monitoring program costs | Data unavailable | As ordered | s.810.03(6)(d) Bodily sample testing/processing | Data unavailable | As ordered | s.810.03(6)(g)–(h); s.810.3(3)–(6) ## Proponents' View - Improves victim safety by enabling early court intervention before violence occurs, via a domestic‑violence‑specific recognizance with tailored conditions (s.810.03(1), (3), (6)–(8)). - Closes bail gap by counting prior discharges (not just convictions) and prior violence against any intimate partner, making release harder for repeat offenders (s.515(6)(b.1)). - Strengthens firearms safety by requiring judges to consider firearms prohibitions and to record reasons if not imposed; also ensures clear surrender procedures (s.810.03(7)–(9)). - Adds a simple victim‑information check so victims can access release orders and understand conditions meant to protect them (s.515(14.1)). - Builds in privacy and misuse safeguards for bodily samples, limiting use to compliance checks and breach cases and mandating destruction timelines (s.810.3(3)–(4); s.810.4(1)–(3)). - Respects Indigenous contexts by requiring consideration of Indigenous support services as an alternative when appropriate (s.810.03(4.1)). ## Opponents' View - Expands state control without conviction: recognizance orders can impose strict conditions and, on refusal, custody of up to 12 months, based only on “reasonable fear” rather than a finding of guilt (s.810.03(3), (5)). - Risk of increased pre‑trial detention: the revised bail rule applies to more accused (prior discharges and any prior intimate partner), potentially raising remand populations and related costs (s.515(6)(b.1)). - Implementation strain and unequal access: electronic monitoring, testing, and treatment capacity vary by province/territory; costs and program limits may affect consistent application (s.810.03(6)(a), (d), (g)–(h)). - Privacy and proportionality concerns: bodily samples to enforce abstention conditions raise privacy risks, even with limits; false positives/negatives could trigger breach proceedings (s.810.03(6)(g)–(h); s.810.4(1)–(3)). - Net‑widening and enforcement risks: adding a new offence pathway for breach of recognizance may bring more people into the justice system for non‑violent non‑compliance, including substance use, rather than addressing root causes (s.811 via s.811.1(1); s.810.03(6)(f)–(h)). - Ambiguity and discretion: “reasonable grounds” and “any reasonable conditions” standards may lead to uneven decisions; required firearms‑consideration could be applied inconsistently despite the duty to give reasons (s.810.03(3), (6), (7)–(9)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 864 · Agreed To · September 25, 2024
Division 863 · Agreed To · September 25, 2024
Division 862 · Negatived · September 25, 2024
## Summary This bill sets rules and timelines for building national pharmacare. It directs the federal Minister of Health to fund, by agreement with provinces and territories, universal no‑cost coverage for certain contraception and diabetes medicines and related products. It also launches work to create a national list of essential medicines, a bulk purchasing strategy, an “appropriate use” strategy, and an expert committee to advise on how to run and finance universal, single‑payer pharmacare. - Provinces and territories that sign agreements will receive federal payments to provide universal, single‑payer, first‑dollar coverage (no patient charges) for prescription contraception and diabetes treatments (Payments (1)-(2)). - The Minister must ask the Canadian Drug Agency (CDA) to draft, within 1 year of Royal Assent, a list of essential medicines to inform a national formulary (National formulary (1)). - The Minister must ask the CDA to design a national bulk purchasing strategy within 1 year (National bulk purchasing strategy). - The Minister must publish, within 1 year, a pan‑Canadian strategy on the appropriate use of prescription drugs and related products, with progress reports every 3 years (Appropriate Use Strategy (1)-(2)). - An expert committee must be created within 30 days to recommend options for operating and financing universal, single‑payer pharmacare, and must report within 1 year; the report must be tabled in Parliament (Committee of experts (1)-(3)). ## What it means for you - Households - If your province or territory signs an agreement, you will have universal, single‑payer, first‑dollar coverage for specific prescription drugs and related products for contraception and diabetes treatment. First‑dollar means no deductibles or co‑pays at the point of care (Payments (1)-(2)). Start date depends on when your province or territory signs and implements its agreement. - If your province or territory does not sign an agreement, there is no change to your current coverage under this Act (Payments (1)). - Workers with employer drug plans - The bill does not change private insurance rules. Any impact on your workplace benefits will depend on provincial implementation and how plans coordinate benefits. The Act is silent on private plan coordination (No specific section; Payments (1)-(2) describe public coverage only). - Businesses and insurers - No direct new duties in the bill. In participating provinces, public first‑dollar coverage for contraception and diabetes drugs could reduce employer plan payouts. The Act does not set rules for how private plans adjust (Payments (1)-(2)). - Health care providers and pharmacists - In participating provinces, more patients will have public coverage for contraception and diabetes drugs and related products. Coverage details and dispensing rules will follow provincial agreements (Payments (1)). - The CDA will provide advice and information on appropriate use to practitioners and patients (Request for advice (d)). A national “appropriate use” strategy will be published within 1 year, guiding safe and effective prescribing (Appropriate Use Strategy (1)). - Provinces, territories, and Indigenous peoples - Provinces and territories may enter agreements to receive federal payments for first‑dollar coverage of contraception and diabetes treatments (Payments (1)-(3)). - The federal government commits to long‑term funding to improve access and affordability, beginning with drugs for rare diseases; details are not specified in the Act (Funding commitment). - The Minister must consult you on the essential medicines list, the bulk purchasing strategy, and the national formulary work (National formulary (1)-(2); National bulk purchasing strategy). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note is attached to the bill. The Act authorizes payments from the Consolidated Revenue Fund for provincial/territorial agreements covering contraception and diabetes treatments; amounts, timing, and terms are at the Minister’s discretion (Payments (1), (3)). - The Act includes a general commitment to maintain long‑term funding, beginning with drugs for rare diseases, but provides no dollar amounts (Funding commitment). - Administrative activities (essential medicines list, bulk purchasing strategy, appropriate use strategy, expert committee) will have costs, but the Act provides no figures (National formulary; National bulk purchasing strategy; Appropriate Use Strategy; Committee of experts). - Overall federal and provincial spending will depend on which jurisdictions sign agreements, the scope of covered products, and implementation timelines. Quantitative estimates: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Reduces out‑of‑pocket costs immediately for contraception and diabetes treatments in participating provinces by requiring universal, single‑payer, first‑dollar coverage (Payments (1)-(2)). - Addresses cost‑related non‑adherence. The preamble notes that when people skip prescriptions for financial reasons, their health may worsen and overall health system costs can rise (Preamble). - Uses bulk purchasing to lower prices paid by public plans, improving affordability system‑wide (National bulk purchasing strategy). - Builds national consistency through an essential medicines list and a future formulary, aiming for more even access across Canada (National formulary (1)-(2)). - Promotes safe, effective prescribing and patient information through a pan‑Canadian appropriate‑use strategy and CDA advice (Request for advice (d); Appropriate Use Strategy (1)-(2)). - Creates a clear path to universal pharmacare by setting timelines and an expert committee to recommend operating and financing options for a single‑payer model (Committee of experts (1)-(2)). ## Opponents' View - Fiscal uncertainty. The bill provides no cost estimates and leaves payment amounts and timing to ministerial discretion, creating budget risk and limiting parliamentary scrutiny (Payments (3)). Quantitative impact: Data unavailable. - Uneven access risk. Because coverage depends on provincial/territorial agreements, benefits may vary by location, contrary to the goal of consistent access (Payments (1); Principles (a)). - Potential displacement of private coverage. First‑dollar, single‑payer public coverage may shift costs from private insurers to governments; the bill does not set coordination rules with private plans (Payments (1)-(2); no coordinating provisions). - Implementation risk. Tight timelines (30 days to form the committee; 1 year for the essential list, bulk purchasing, and appropriate‑use strategy) may be hard to meet, leading to delays or incomplete deliverables (Committee of experts (1); National formulary (1); National bulk purchasing strategy; Appropriate Use Strategy (1)). - Narrow scope versus expectations. The Act focuses initial funding on contraception and diabetes treatments while referring to universal pharmacare, which may create public expectations not met in the short term (Purpose; Payments (1)). - Key decisions deferred. The bill leaves the contents of the formulary, coverage conditions, and the financing model to future processes, creating uncertainty for patients, providers, and provinces (National formulary (1)-(2); Committee of experts (2)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 794 · Agreed To · June 3, 2024
Division 792 · Agreed To · May 30, 2024
Division 752 · Negatived · May 7, 2024
Division 751 · Agreed To · May 6, 2024
## Summary - This bill puts into Canadian law a new trade deal with Indonesia. It lowers or removes customs duties (import taxes) on many goods, sets up rules to manage trade disputes, and updates several federal laws. - It creates a new “Indonesia Tariff,” moves many duties to zero now or over time, and allows emergency measures if imports surge and harm Canadian producers. - Approves the Canada–Indonesia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CICEPA) and makes Canadian laws match it. - Creates an “Indonesia Tariff” that makes most Indonesian goods duty‑free now or in phases (some immediately, some over about 5, 10, or 15 years). - Excludes some sensitive products from lower tariffs (for example, many dairy, egg, some poultry, sugar, and certain alcohol items). - Lets Canada pause or add temporary duties if a jump in Indonesian imports is a main cause of serious harm to Canadian producers. - Sets up committees on trade, labour, environment, and sustainable development, and allows panels to settle disputes. - Says people and companies cannot sue in Canadian courts to enforce the deal; disputes go through government‑to‑government panels or arbitration (a legal process to settle disputes). - States the deal does not apply to natural water and keeps space for cultural policy. It also recognizes the role of Indigenous Peoples and small businesses in trade. ## What it means for you - Consumers - Many Indonesian goods should get cheaper over time as tariffs fall, especially clothing, shoes, household goods, and some processed foods. - Some prices may drop right away; others will phase down over several years. For example, many clothing tariffs of up to about 18% fall to zero over as long as 14 years. - Some items are excluded, so prices for many dairy and egg products, some poultry, sugar, and certain alcohol are unlikely to change because of this deal. - Importers and retailers - A new “Indonesia Tariff” makes most Indonesian goods duty‑free now or after a scheduled phase‑out (marked as A, Y1, Y2, Y3 in the tariff list). - To claim the lower duty, you must keep proof the goods “originate” in Indonesia (rules of origin) and keep records if asked by customs. - Plan sourcing and pricing around the tariff schedule: some lines go to zero now, others step down over about 4, 9, or 14 years. - Canadian exporters and investors - The deal aims to lower barriers in Indonesia and give clearer, more predictable rules for goods, services, and investment. - Small and medium‑sized businesses are a focus; there will be official contact points and committees to help address problems. - Farmers, fishers, and food processors - Many supply‑managed products remain protected from tariff cuts. Other items (like some seafoods and processed foods) see lower Canadian tariffs on imports, which could mean more competition at home. - If imports surge and seriously harm domestic producers, Canada can use temporary “safeguard” measures. - Workers - Jobs in export‑oriented sectors could benefit from new market access. - Sectors facing more import competition (for example, textiles, clothing, footwear, and some processed foods) may feel pressure as tariffs drop. - Environment, labour, and communities - The agreement includes chapters on labour rights and environmental protection, with councils and committees to oversee cooperation and enforcement. - The deal recognizes Indigenous participation in trade. - Natural water is excluded; cultural industries keep policy protections. - Timing - The law takes effect on a date set by the federal cabinet. Changes to duties will follow the schedules in the bill once in force. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Opens a large and growing market for Canadian goods and services, with clearer rules for business and investment. - Lowers costs and expands choice for Canadian consumers, especially on clothing, footwear, and many household items. - Provides stable, rules‑based dispute systems and anti‑corruption commitments, which reduces risk for businesses. - Includes labour and environment chapters that can help improve standards and enforcement over time. - Focuses on small businesses and Indigenous participation, aiming to share the benefits more widely. - Includes safeguard tools so Canada can act if imports cause serious harm to domestic producers. ## Opponents' View - Lower tariffs on clothing, footwear, and some foods could undercut Canadian manufacturers and processors, risking jobs. - Labour and environmental commitments may be hard to enforce in practice, leading to limited real‑world change. - Investor‑state arbitration provisions could let foreign investors challenge public‑interest rules, narrowing policy space. - Reduced tariffs mean less customs revenue for the federal government. - Safeguards exist but can be slow and complex to use, leaving domestic producers exposed to sudden import surges.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 62 · Agreed To · February 2, 2026
## Summary Bill C-49 updates the federal-provincial Atlantic Accord laws for Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and Nova Scotia (NS). It keeps joint federal–provincial control over offshore oil and gas, and adds a full legal framework for offshore renewable energy (like wind). It renames the boards as “Offshore Energy Regulators,” sets up seabed licensing for renewables, extends safety and environmental rules, and allows activity limits in conservation areas. - Creates Offshore Energy Regulators and gives them authority over offshore renewables, not just oil and gas (s.9; Part III headings). - Sets a new “submerged land licence” system and call-for-bids process for renewables, with federal and provincial ministers’ approval needed (Division V – Offshore Renewable Energy; ss. 38.1–38.3 NS; ss. 40.1–40.3 NL). - Extends safety, environmental protection, and worker health rules to renewable projects; requires authorizations, impact assessments, and proof of financial capacity (Part III; s. 138.01 NL; s. 142.011 NS; Impact Assessment ss. 138.012 NL, 142.013 NS). - Allows cabinet to prohibit oil, gas, or renewable activities in areas that are or may be designated for environmental/wildlife protection; creates compensation and cancellation processes for existing interests (s. 56.1, 56.2–56.5 NL; s. 59.1, 59.2–59.5 NS). - Sets a strict debris liability regime for renewables, including $1 billion no‑fault liability caps and required financial assurances (s. 183.19–183.21 NL; s. 188.19–188.21 NS). - Limits future significant discovery licences to 25 years and modernizes rules for transboundary oil and gas pools (s. 75(3) NL; s. 78(3) NS; Transboundary Pools, ss. 183.xx NL; 188.xx NS). Note: Many provisions take effect on dates set by order-in-council and depend on future regulations (Part 3 – Coming into Force). ## What it means for you - Households - More regulatory clarity for offshore wind and other marine renewables could enable projects over time. Any bill-driven electricity price or jobs impact is uncertain and depends on future projects and regulations. Data unavailable. - Activities may be barred in or near protected areas, which could reduce environmental risks near coasts (s. 56.1 NL; s. 59.1 NS). - Workers (offshore oil, gas, and renewables) - Offshore renewables now fall under the same safety culture: authorizations, facility “fit for purpose” declarations, and oversight by a Chief Safety Officer (s. 138.01(3), 139.1 NL; s. 142.011(3), 143.1 NS). - Occupational health and safety regime applies offshore for renewables; certain unattended renewable sites may be inspected less frequently (monthly inspection exception) (s. 205.013(2), 205.019(1.1) NL; s. 210.013(2), 210.019(1.1) NS). - Canada Labour Code Parts II and III do not apply offshore; provincial “social legislation” applies instead (ss. 205.004–205.007 NL; ss. 210.004–210.007 NS). - Indigenous peoples - The Crown may rely on the Regulators to consult and, where appropriate, accommodate impacts on s.35 rights for offshore works (new clauses after s.17 NL; after s.18 NS). - Participant funding programs may be set up to support engagement (Part III – Participant Funding Program). - Fishers and coastal communities - Calls for bids and licence terms must consider effects on fishing activities; “full and fair opportunity” and participation for under-represented groups are stated principles (s. 96.6 NL; s. 98.7 NS). - If renewable debris causes loss or damage (including to fishing income), claims can be made; operators have up to $1 billion no‑fault liability, plus fault-based liability (s. 183.19 NL; s. 188.19 NS). - Businesses (renewable developers) - You must obtain a submerged land licence through a call for bids (with published criteria) or specific exceptions, then an operations authorization, and meet impact assessment gateways (Division V; ss. 138.012 NL; 142.013 NS). - Proof of financial resources and separate financial responsibility (e.g., letter of credit) is required; regulator can order direct payment of claims from security (ss. 183.2 NL; 188.2 NS). - Ministers must approve key Regulator recommendations on renewables, which adds a political approval step and timelines (60 days, with possible 30‑day extension) (ss. 38.1–38.3 NS; ss. 40.1–40.3 NL). - Activities may be prohibited in areas that are or “may be” identified as protected; existing interests can be surrendered with negotiated compensation or cancelled with set compensation (s. 56.1, 56.2–56.5 NL; s. 59.1, 59.2–59.5 NS). - Businesses (oil and gas) - Significant discovery licences issued in future are capped at 25 years, with limited extensions (s. 75(3) NL; s. 78(3) NS). - New rules govern transboundary pools, joint exploitation agreements, and unitization with expert dispute resolution (Transboundary Pools, ss. 183.xx NL; 188.xx NS). - Cabinet may regulate access, tolls, and tariffs for use of existing petroleum infrastructure by third parties (s. 149(1)(c)(ii) NL; s. 153(1)(c)(ii) NS). - Local and provincial governments - Regulators can order public bodies to take measures on abandoned facilities; non-compliance can trigger Regulator action and potential costs (s. 183.21 NL; s. 188.21 NS). - Provinces must approve many new regulations; ministers co‑decide key renewable matters (e.g., bid calls and prohibitions) (s. 7 NL; s. 6 NS; ss. 38.1–38.3 NS; 40.1–40.3 NL). - Timing - Most sections take effect on dates set by the Governor in Council; several depend on regulations and provincial approvals (Part 3 – Coming into Force; s. 6 NS; s. 7 NL). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Federal–provincial regulator budgets: Canada pays 50% of approved Regulator expenditures; either government may fully fund specific requested activities (s. 27(4), 27(4.1) NL; s. 28(4), 28(4.1) NS). Amounts not stated. - Fees and charges: Regulators may charge cost‑recovery fees for activities under the Acts and the Impact Assessment Act; fees cannot exceed costs (s. 29.1 NL; s. 30.1 NS). Revenue impact unknown. - Revenues from offshore renewables: “Revenues, interest and penalties” are reserved to Canada but mirror provincial regimes and are remitted to the Receiver General; Regulators may collect and administer (s. 97.1, 98–100 NL; s. 99.1, 100–102 NS). Amounts depend on future projects. - Participant funding programs: Regulators may establish programs to support public and Indigenous participation (Part III – Participant Funding Program). Funding levels not specified. - Enforcement and inquiries: Regulators can conduct inquiries into serious incidents and publish reports (s. 183.23 NL; s. 188.23 NS). Cost impact not specified. Table: Key fiscal mechanisms (no dollar estimates provided) Item | Amount | Frequency | Source Fees (cost recovery) | Data unavailable | Ongoing | s. 29.1 NL; s. 30.1 NS Federal share of Regulators’ budgets | 50% of approved budgets | Annual | s. 27(4) NL; s. 28(4) NS Government‑requested activities | 100% by requesting government | As incurred | s. 27(4.1) NL; s. 28(4.1) NS Offshore renewables revenues to Canada | Data unavailable | As incurred | s. 97.1 NL; s. 99.1 NS Participant funding | Data unavailable | As established | Part III – Participant Funding Program ## Proponents' View - Builds a “one‑window” style regime for offshore renewables by expanding the existing joint boards, which reduces uncertainty and duplication for developers (s. 9; Division V – Offshore Renewable Energy). - Improves safety and environmental protection by extending the proven offshore safety system, mandatory authorizations, impact assessment gatekeeping, and fitness declarations to renewables (s. 138.01(3), 139.1 NL; s. 142.011(3), 143.1 NS; s. 138.012 NL; s. 142.013 NS). - Protects sensitive areas by allowing cabinet to prohibit oil, gas, or renewable activities in areas that are or may be designated for conservation, with structured compensation for affected interest holders (s. 56.1, 56.2–56.5 NL; s. 59.1, 59.2–59.5 NS). - Provides clear seabed access through submerged land licences, transparent bid calls, and published criteria, which can speed early-stage site control (Division V – Calls for bids and publication). - Sets clear liability and financial assurance rules for renewable project debris, including $1 billion no‑fault liability, which protects fishers, Indigenous harvesters, and the public (s. 183.19–183.21 NL; s. 188.19–188.21 NS). - States principles for Canadian participation and inclusion of under‑represented groups in supply chains and jobs; directs consideration of effects on fishing (s. 96.6 NL; s. 98.7 NS). ## Opponents' View - Adds ministerial approval to key renewable licensing steps, which could slow approvals and inject political risk; ministers can extend decision timelines and delay bid calls (ss. 40.1–40.3 NL; ss. 38.1–38.3 NS). - Creates uncertainty by allowing prohibitions in areas that “may be” identified for conservation; while compensation exists, claims beyond set compensation are barred, which could chill investment (s. 56.1, 56.3(3) NL; s. 59.1, 59.5(3) NS). - Increases developer costs with impact assessment gating, cost‑recovery fees, financial resource proofs, and security instruments; small or new entrants may face higher barriers (s. 29.1 NL; s. 30.1 NS; ss. 183.2 NL; 188.2 NS). - Reduces monthly inspections for normally unattended renewable sites, which could pose oversight gaps if not managed carefully (s. 205.013(2), 205.019(1.1) NL; s. 210.013(2), 210.019(1.1) NS). - Lets Regulators order governments and local authorities to act on abandoned facilities, creating potential unfunded obligations if orders are issued and later costs are disputed (s. 183.21 NL; s. 188.21 NS). - Changes oil and gas tenure by capping future significant discovery licences at 25 years, which some may view as weakening long‑term security for marginal finds (s. 75(3) NL; s. 78(3) NS).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 788 · Agreed To · May 29, 2024
Division 787 · Negatived · May 29, 2024
Division 772 · Agreed To · May 27, 2024
Division 750 · Agreed To · May 2, 2024
## Summary The Fall Economic Statement Implementation Act, 2023 (Bill C-59) is a large omnibus law that implements tax, competition, consumer, labour, environmental, and governance measures announced in Budget 2023 and the November 21, 2023 Fall Economic Statement. It creates a new Digital Services Tax, changes income tax and GST/HST rules, strengthens competition law (including greenwashing and drip‑pricing), updates anti‑money laundering laws (including sanctions evasion), sets a 2% tax on listed companies’ share buybacks, establishes the Canada Water Agency, creates a federal Housing/Infrastructure department, and adds new Employment Insurance and labour protections. - New 3% Digital Services Tax on large firms’ Canadian digital revenues, with first-year catch‑up for prior years after 2021 (Part 2). - 2% tax on public companies’ net share buybacks after 2023 (Part II.2). - Stronger Competition Act: substantiation for environmental claims, broader merger review tools, faster interim relief, and limited private access with potential monetary remedies (Part 5, Division 6). - Clean economy incentives (CCUS and clean technology investment tax credits) plus labour requirements (prevailing wage and apprentices) to receive the full credit (Part 1, ss. 127.44, 127.45, 127.46). - More robust anti‑avoidance and international tax rules, and limits on interest deductibility (EIFEL) and hybrid mismatch arrangements (Part 1). - EI: new 15‑week benefit for responsibilities related to adoption placements or arrival of newborns where the birth parent is not a parent; corresponding federal labour leave; and new pregnancy‑loss leave (Part 5, Division 2; Part 5, Division 12). - Establishes the Canada Water Agency and a new Department of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities (Part 5, Divisions 3 and 11). - GST/HST and excise changes: psychotherapy and counselling therapy are GST/HST‑exempt services; vaping products stamping/marking and compliance tightened; certain rental housing rebate extension to some co‑ops (Part 3; Part 4). - AML/ATF: expands reporting (including sanctions evasion), adds CBSA goods‑related declarations, and strengthens Criminal Code proceeds‑of‑crime tools, including for digital assets (Part 5, Division 8). ## What it means for you - Households - Climate Action Incentive Payment (CAIP) rural supplement increases from 10% to 20% for 2023 and later years; 2016 census data used for 2023–2024 eligibility (Part 1 s. 122.8). - Psychotherapy and counselling therapy provided by licensed practitioners is GST/HST‑exempt, reducing out‑of‑pocket cost (Part 3, s. 123(1), Schedule V). - New EI benefit: up to 15 weeks for responsibilities related to the placement of a child for adoption or the arrival of a newborn when the birth parent is not a parent (available once regulations and systems are in place) (Part 5, Division 12). - Canada Labour Code: new 3‑day paid leave for pregnancy loss, updated bereavement leave, and up to 16‑week leave for adoption placement/arrival (federally regulated workers) (Part 5, Division 2). - Vaping: stronger stamping/marking, importer age minimum (18), penalties for non‑compliance; consumers may see compliance changes on packaging (Part 4). - Workers (federally regulated) - New pregnancy‑loss leave (3 days, first 3 paid after 3 months), and an adoption/placement leave (up to 16 weeks), in addition to existing parental leave (Part 5, Division 2). - Stronger right‑to‑know on job postings and leave scheduling requirements around notice (Part 5, Division 2). - Businesses - Digital Services Tax (DST): 3% on in‑scope Canadian digital services revenue for groups with global revenue ≥ €750,000,000 and Canadian in‑scope revenue > $20,000,000; first year includes a catch‑up amount for 2022–2023 (Part 2). - 2% tax on net equity repurchases by listed corporations/trusts/partnerships, net of qualifying issuances; $1,000,000 de minimis; applies to transactions after 2023 (Part II.2). - Clean Technology and CCUS investment tax credits available for eligible assets; full rates require meeting prevailing wage and apprentice hour requirements or face a 10‑point reduction and potential penalties for non‑compliance (Part 1, ss. 127.44–127.46). - Interest expense limitation (EIFEL): generally caps net interest and financing deductions at 30% of adjusted taxable income (phased from 40% for certain short‑year cases), with group ratio and carryforwards; anti‑avoidance rules included (Part 1, s. 18.2, 18.21). - Anti‑hybrid mismatch rules deny deductions or include amounts to neutralize deduction/non‑inclusion outcomes with cross‑border instruments or entities (Part 1, s. 12.7, 18.4). - Competition law changes: - Environmental claims (product or business) must be backed by adequate tests/substantiation; drip‑pricing clarified; expanded interim orders; extended merger challenge window (Part 5, Division 6). - Refusal‑to‑deal can address withholding “means of diagnosis or repair” (helpful to independent repair) (Part 5, Division 6). - Private applicants (with leave) can seek monetary payments up to benefit derived (not damages) in certain civil cases (Part 5, Division 6). - GST/HST: higher documentation thresholds for input tax credits ($30→$100; $150→$500); joint venture election expanded to pipeline/terminal operations; psychotherapy and counselling therapy exempt (Part 3). - Vaping/cannabis excise administration changes; vaping stamp/marking duties and penalties; importers must be 18+ (Part 4). - Share buyback and dividend deduction limits: financial institutions lose inter‑corporate dividend deduction on certain mark‑to‑market shares (Part 1 s. 112(2.01)). - Employee Ownership Trusts: facilitation measures and specific tax rules for qualifying transfers (Part 1). - Intergenerational business transfer rules tightened to ensure “genuine” transfers; GAAR strengthened with an economic substance rule, extended reassessment period, and a new GAAR penalty (Part 1; s. 245; s. 84.1). - AML/ATF obligations expanded (including sanctions evasion reporting) for regulated entities; CBSA adds goods‑related declarations; new powers on digital assets (Part 5, Division 8). - Provinces, territories, municipalities, and Indigenous organizations - Canada Water Agency established to coordinate federal freshwater efforts; aligns with Freshwater Action Plan and supports federal‑provincial‑territorial/Indigenous collaboration (Part 5, Division 3). - Department of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities created; existing infrastructure programs continue under the new department (Part 5, Division 11). - Federal‑provincial payment transparency: amounts/dates under the Federal‑Provincial Fiscal Arrangements Act to be published online (Part 5, Division 9). - Service users and non‑profits - Dental care plan technical data‑sharing fix to support administration (Part 1; related acts). - Public post‑secondary institutions excluded from the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act and Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act as prescribed (Part 5, Division 7). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Canada Water Agency: Budget 2023 announced $85.1 million over 5 years to establish the Agency, and $21.0 million ongoing (Budget 2023). The Act creates the Agency (Part 5, Division 3). - Digital Services Tax: Budget 2021 estimated revenue of $3.4 billion over five years when implemented (Budget 2021). The Act enacts the DST framework (Part 2). - 2% Share Buyback Tax: Budget 2023 estimated $2.5 billion in revenue over five years (Budget 2023). The Act enacts the tax (Part II.2). - Clean economy investment tax credits (CCUS and Clean Technology): enacted in this bill; fiscal impacts were presented in recent budgets; precise multi‑year costs depend on uptake and are administered via the tax system (Part 1, ss. 127.44, 127.45). Data unavailable. - CAIP rural supplement increase (10%→20%): Data unavailable on annual cost in this bill; payouts occur via the existing Climate Action Incentive Payment system (Part 1 s. 122.8). - Competition Act, AML/ATF enforcement, and departmental reorganizations: incremental administration costs not itemized in the bill. Data unavailable. Notes: - Figures cited above rely on prior federal budget documents; this Act primarily provides the legislative authority (various Parts and Divisions). ## Proponents' View - Improves tax fairness and revenues from global and large domestic firms: - 3% Digital Services Tax targets very large groups with €750,000,000+ global revenues and significant Canadian digital revenue; first‑year catch‑up addresses prior years’ activities after 2021 (Part 2). Prior federal estimates projected multi‑billion revenue (Budget 2021). - 2% buyback tax nudges firms toward real investment and helps level after‑tax treatment of distributions (Part II.2). Budget 2023 projected $2.5 billion over five years (Budget 2023). - Drives clean investment with labour benefits: - CCUS and Clean Tech investment tax credits lower capital costs for decarbonization and clean power/storage; prevailing wage and apprenticeship rules help ensure workers share in benefits and expand the skilled workforce (Part 1, ss. 127.44–127.46). - Strengthens competition and consumer protection: - Requires “green” claims to be backed by adequate testing or substantiation; clarifies drip‑pricing; expands interim orders to stop harm; and lengthens the time to challenge non‑notified mergers (Part 5, Division 6). - Supports independent repair by allowing orders to address refusal to supply means of diagnosis/repair (Part 5, Division 6). - Modernizes international tax and combats avoidance: - Caps net interest deductions (EIFEL), neutralizes hybrid mismatches, updates foreign affiliate rules, and strengthens GAAR with an economic substance test and penalty (Part 1). - Concrete help for families and workers: - New EI benefit (15 weeks) for adoption/placement responsibilities and new pregnancy‑loss leave and placement leave under the Canada Labour Code for federally regulated workers (Part 5, Divisions 2 and 12). - CAIP rural supplement increase recognizes higher energy costs outside urban areas (Part 1 s. 122.8). - Better water and housing governance: - Canada Water Agency improves coordination of freshwater science and programs (Part 5, Division 3). - New Department of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities aligns federal tools to accelerate housing and infrastructure outcomes (Part 5, Division 11). ## Opponents' View - Trade and double‑taxation risk with the Digital Services Tax: - The DST’s retroactive component and unilateral design could trigger foreign retaliation or disputes; effective yield depends on regulations and international developments (Part 2). Assumes no trade countermeasures. - Investment and compliance burden for businesses: - 2% buyback tax may distort capital allocation and raise cost of capital; anti‑avoidance and interest‑limitation rules (EIFEL) add complexity and may raise financing costs, especially for capital‑intensive sectors (Part II.2; Part 1 s. 18.2). - Prevailing wage and apprentice rules for clean credits require new verification systems; penalties for non‑compliance add risk (Part 1, s. 127.46). - Competition law changes may create uncertainty: - New environmental substantiation duty and expanded private access with monetary payments introduce litigation exposure; merger rules broadened (e.g., coordination effects) could chill pro‑competitive deals (Part 5, Division 6). Assumes adequate guidance and Tribunal capacity. - Limited immediate affordability relief: - Apart from rural CAIP top‑up and GST/HST therapy exemption, most measures are structural; near‑term household cost impacts are modest (Part 1; Part 3). - Administrative capacity and costs: - AML/ATF expansions, CBSA declarations, and new agencies/departments require staffing, IT, and guidance; the bill does not include detailed appropriations (Part 5, Division 8; Part 5, Divisions 3 and 11). Data unavailable. - EI and employer impacts: - New EI benefit and labour leaves increase program outlays (from the EI Operating Account) and workplace scheduling pressures in federally regulated sectors (Part 5, Divisions 2 and 12). No detailed costings in this Act.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 785 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 784 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 783 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 782 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 781 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 780 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 779 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 777 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
Division 776 · Negatived · May 28, 2024
Division 764 · Agreed To · May 21, 2024
Division 763 · Negatived · May 21, 2024
Division 759 · Agreed To · May 9, 2024
## Summary This bill amends the Criminal Code to change how courts sentence people convicted of motor vehicle theft. It adds a 3‑year mandatory minimum prison term for a third or later conviction when the Crown proceeds by indictment, makes organized‑crime involvement a primary factor at sentencing, and bars conditional sentences (serving the sentence in the community) for indictable motor vehicle theft (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a), 333.1(3), 742.1(e)). It does not change police powers or create new programs. - Sets a 3‑year minimum prison term for a third or subsequent motor vehicle theft conviction when prosecuted by indictment (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a)). - Requires judges to give primary weight to any link to a criminal organization when sentencing for motor vehicle theft (Bill s. 333.1(3)). - Makes people convicted of indictable motor vehicle theft ineligible for a conditional sentence order (community‑based sentence) (Bill s. 742.1(e)). - No explicit coming‑into‑force clause; amendments take effect on Royal Assent (Bill text). - Preamble cites rising theft and organized‑crime involvement as the rationale (e.g., 34% increase since 2015; one vehicle stolen every six minutes in 2023) (Preamble). ## What it means for you - Households and drivers - No new reporting, insurance, or recovery processes. The bill only changes sentencing after conviction (Bill text). - Any change in theft rates would depend on deterrence and enforcement, which the bill does not address directly. Data unavailable. - People accused or convicted of motor vehicle theft - Third or later conviction: If the Crown proceeds by indictment, the judge must impose at least 3 years in prison. The maximum remains 10 years (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a)). - First or second conviction: Penalties are unchanged. Maximum is up to 10 years on indictment or lower if the Crown proceeds summarily (existing s. 333.1). - Conditional sentences: If convicted on indictment, you cannot receive a conditional sentence (a community‑based sentence served outside jail). A jail sentence must be imposed. Conditional sentences may still be available if the Crown proceeds summarily, subject to other legal limits (Bill s. 742.1(e)). - Organized‑crime link: If the theft was for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a criminal organization, judges must give that fact primary weight when deciding the sentence (Bill s. 333.1(3)). - Prosecutors and courts - Election choice matters more: Proceeding by indictment triggers the 3‑year minimum for third‑or‑later offences and makes conditional sentences unavailable (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a), 742.1(e)). - Sentencing reasons must address organized‑crime involvement as a primary consideration in motor vehicle theft cases (Bill s. 333.1(3); existing s. 718.2 already lists this as aggravating in general). - Police and border agencies - No new enforcement powers or tools. Existing laws on investigation, seizure, and export controls are unchanged (Bill text). - Victims - No new restitution or victim‑support provisions. Existing avenues remain (Bill text). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No appropriations, grants, or fees are created by the bill (Bill text). - The 3‑year mandatory minimum for third‑or‑later indictable convictions would increase time in custody; no official cost estimate is provided. Data unavailable. - Making indictable motor vehicle theft ineligible for conditional sentences may shift some sentences from community to custody; no official cost estimate is provided. Data unavailable. - Custody placement depends on sentence length: sentences of 2 years or more are served federally; under 2 years are served provincially/territorially (existing law). The bill could therefore drive costs at both levels; no official breakdown. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Stronger penalties will deter repeat offenders and incapacitate those who persist in theft, addressing a rising crime trend (3‑year minimum for third‑or‑later offences) (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a); Preamble). - Organized‑crime involvement in vehicle theft is significant; making it a primary consideration ensures higher sentences in gang‑linked cases (Bill s. 333.1(3); Preamble). - Removing conditional sentences for indictable motor vehicle theft treats the offence as serious and ends community sentences for serious cases, improving public safety (Bill s. 742.1(e)). - The bill targets repeat and organized crime without changing first‑ or second‑offence maximums, preserving proportionality for less entrenched offenders (Bill s. 333.1). - The preamble’s figures (e.g., a 34% increase since 2015; one theft every six minutes in 2023; >12,000 incidents in Toronto in 2023) show urgency and justify stronger sentencing (Preamble). Underlying data sources are not evaluated in the bill; assumptions about deterrence remain (Preamble). ## Opponents' View - Mandatory minimums can reduce judicial discretion and have faced constitutional challenges in Canada; a 3‑year floor may invite litigation and case delays (risk flagged based on Supreme Court jurisprudence on mandatory minimums; Bill s. 333.1(1)(a)). - The minimum applies only when the Crown proceeds by indictment. This may lead to uneven outcomes across regions and cases, as prosecutors may elect summary proceedings to avoid a rigid sentence, affecting consistency (Bill s. 333.1(1)(a)). - Barring conditional sentences for indictable cases may increase jail populations for shorter sentences that would otherwise be served in the community, with costs shifted to provinces for sentences under 2 years and to the federal system for 2+ years (Bill s. 742.1(e)). Data on volumes and costs are unavailable. - Deterrence effects are uncertain; the bill provides no evidence that longer sentences reduce motor vehicle theft rates. The preamble’s statistics do not prove causation (Preamble). - “Primary consideration” for organized‑crime links duplicates an existing aggravating factor in the Criminal Code (s. 718.2). Elevating it only for motor vehicle theft may create appeals over how much weight is “primary” and reduce flexibility to weigh other factors (Bill s. 333.1(3); existing s. 718.2).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 855 · Negatived · September 18, 2024
## Summary This bill, the Protection against Extortion Act, changes sentencing rules for the crime of extortion in Canada’s Criminal Code. It sets mandatory minimum prison terms and adds arson as a factor that requires a tougher sentence. The maximum penalty remains life in prison (s.346(1.1)). - Sets a base mandatory minimum of 3 years for extortion (s.346(1.1)(b)). - Sets a 4-year minimum if a non‑restricted firearm is used (s.346(1.1)(a.1)). - Creates a higher minimum when a restricted/prohibited firearm is used or when the offence is linked to a criminal organization; the exact length is not shown in the provided text (s.346(1.1)(a)). - Requires judges to treat arson committed during extortion as an aggravating factor at sentencing (s.346(1.4); ss.433–435). - Preamble cites a rise in reported extortion and risks to new Canadians (Preamble). ## What it means for you - Households and small businesses - If you are a victim of extortion, the person convicted will face at least 3 years in prison. If they used a non‑restricted firearm, at least 4 years. If they used a restricted/prohibited firearm or acted for/with a criminal organization, a higher minimum applies, but the exact number is not shown in the provided text (s.346(1.1)(a), (a.1), (b)). - If arson (setting a fire to cause damage) was part of the extortion, the judge must treat that as an aggravating factor and may increase the sentence (s.346(1.4); ss.433–435). - Workers and communities - Cases with a firearm or gang link will carry higher minimums, which can affect plea decisions and time served after conviction. Data unavailable. - Law enforcement and courts - Police and prosecutors will need to prove the type of firearm used and any link to a criminal organization to trigger higher minimums (s.346(1.1)(a), (a.1)). - Judges must apply mandatory minimums and, when arson is involved, must treat it as an aggravating factor (s.346(1.1); s.346(1.4)). - Corrections - Because the minimums are 3 years or more, those convicted will generally serve time in federal custody (sentences of 2 years or more). Data unavailable on capacity impacts. ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note or cost estimate is provided in the bill text. Data unavailable. - The bill includes no new appropriations or fees. It changes sentencing rules only (Part: Criminal Code amendments). - Longer mandatory minimums can increase incarceration time, which may raise correctional costs. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Responds to an increase in reported extortion and specific risks to new Canadians by setting firm penalties (Preamble). - Establishes clear mandatory minimums: 3 years in general, 4 years if a non‑restricted firearm is used, and a higher minimum when a restricted/prohibited firearm is used or when linked to a criminal organization (s.346(1.1)(a), (a.1), (b)). - Treats extortion involving arson more seriously by requiring judges to consider it an aggravating factor, reflecting heightened danger to life and property (s.346(1.4); Preamble). - Keeps life imprisonment as the maximum penalty, signaling the offence’s seriousness (s.346(1.1)). ## Opponents' View - Mandatory minimums reduce judicial discretion and can create harsh outcomes in unusual cases, since judges cannot go below 3 or 4 years once the conditions are met (s.346(1.1)(a), (a.1), (b)). - The bill text provided does not show the exact minimum term for restricted/prohibited firearms or criminal‑organization cases, limiting public clarity on the most severe category (s.346(1.1)(a)). - Longer mandatory minimums may increase prison populations and costs without clear evidence of reduced crime. Data unavailable. - The “criminal organization” trigger could apply to lower‑level associates, not just leaders, exposing them to the highest mandatory minimums (s.346(1.1)(a)). - Making arson an aggravating factor, in addition to any separate arson charge, may lead to higher combined sentences for the same course of conduct (s.346(1.4); ss.433–435).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 767 · Negatived · May 22, 2024
## Summary The Canadian Sustainable Jobs Act (Bill C-50) creates a federal framework to plan, consult, and report on how Canada will grow the economy and support workers as it moves toward a net‑zero economy (net-zero means human‑made greenhouse gas emissions are balanced by removals) (Purpose). It sets up a 13‑member advisory council, requires a federal Sustainable Jobs Action Plan by December 31, 2025, and creates a Sustainable Jobs Secretariat to coordinate work across departments. - Creates a Sustainable Jobs Partnership Council with union, Indigenous, industry, environmental, and other representatives to advise government (Partnership Council — Establishment; Appointment (1.1)). - Requires a Sustainable Jobs Action Plan by December 31, 2025, and every 5 years after; progress reports due starting June 1, 2028 (Action Plan (1)-(3); Progress reports (1)-(3)). - Establishes a Sustainable Jobs Secretariat to coordinate programs and serve as a contact point for workers and employers (Secretariat — Establishment; Role (2)(c.1)). - Mandates annual public advice from the Council and a public ministerial response within 120 days (Reports — Annual report; Minister’s response (1)-(2)). - Plans must outline measures such as skills and retraining, and may set labour conditions for access to federal incentives (Action Plan — Contents (3)(a), (b)). ## What it means for you - Households - No direct payments, taxes, or penalties are created by this Act. It sets processes and reporting only (entire Act; no offence or taxation provisions). - You will see public plans and progress updates on jobs and training for a net‑zero economy, starting in 2025 and 2028 (Action Plan (2)-(3); Progress reports (2)-(3)). - Workers and job seekers - No immediate new benefits. Future Action Plans must outline measures that support workers, including skills, training, and retraining (Action Plan — Contents (3)(b), (c.2)). - The Council includes 3 union representatives and must advise on how to address labour force impacts (Appointment (1.1)(b); Responsibilities (b)). - A federal Secretariat will act as a point of contact for programs and services related to sustainable jobs (Role (2)(c.1)). - Indigenous peoples - Three Council seats are reserved for Indigenous representatives; the Plan must identify and address data gaps related to Indigenous peoples (Appointment (1.1)(c); Action Plan — Contents (3)(c.1)). - The Minister must provide Indigenous peoples an opportunity to make submissions when preparing or amending Plans (Consultation (d)). - Businesses and employers - No new mandates take effect now. However, Action Plans must outline “conditions for accessing federal economic incentives in relation to labour,” which could shape eligibility for grants or tax measures in the future (Action Plan — Contents (3)(a)). - You can participate in consultations on Plans and may find a single federal contact point for related programs through the Secretariat (Consultation (d); Role (2)(c.1)). - Multi‑year Plans and progress reports may provide greater policy visibility on workforce and skills needs (Action Plan (1)-(3); Progress reports (1)-(3)). - Provinces, territories, and local governments - No new legal obligations are imposed. The Act encourages cooperation and allows you to make submissions to federal Plans (Consultation (d); Responsibilities (d.1)). - The Secretariat will coordinate specific federal‑provincial and federal‑territorial initiatives tied to the Plans (Role (2)(c)). - Timeline and transparency - Council annual advice: first report on a date set by the Minister, then by October 15 each year; Minister must publish within 30 days and respond within 120 days (Reports — Annual report (1)-(2); Report made public; Minister’s response (1)-(2)). - First Sustainable Jobs Action Plan due December 31, 2025; tabled in Parliament within 15 sitting days; updated every 5 years, with mid‑cycle progress reports (Action Plan (1)-(2); Progress reports (1)-(2)). - The Act must be reviewed every 10 years (Review of Act (1)-(2)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No official fiscal estimate or quantified appropriation is provided in the Act text. The bill carries a Royal Recommendation authorizing the use of public revenue (Recommendation). - The Act creates a part‑time, 13‑member Council with remuneration and travel expense reimbursement (Appointment (1); Remuneration and expenses). - It requires a Sustainable Jobs Secretariat within the federal government, which implies ongoing staffing and operating costs (Secretariat — Establishment; Role). - It mandates recurring Action Plans, annual Council reports, ministerial responses, and progress reports, which carry administrative costs (Reports; Action Plan; Progress reports). - The Act includes no taxes, fees, fines, or direct spending amounts in its text. Detailed funding, if any, would come through future budgets or programs referenced in Action Plans (Action Plan — Contents (3)). ## Proponents' View - Improves predictability for workers and businesses with fixed timelines for Plans (by December 31, 2025, then every 5 years) and progress reports (from June 1, 2028) (Action Plan (1)-(2); Progress reports (1)-(2)). - Ensures worker and Indigenous voices in federal advice through a 13‑member Council with 3 union, 3 Indigenous, and 3 industry seats, plus others, co‑chaired by union and industry (Appointment (1.1); Co‑chairs (3)). - Requires data‑driven planning, including summaries of labour market data and identification of data gaps, which can better target training and supports (Action Plan — Contents (3)(c)-(c.3)). - Creates a clear “front door” for information on programs via the Secretariat, which can reduce confusion for workers and employers (Role (2)(c.1)). - Allows aligning federal incentives with labour conditions to promote decent work and job quality in funded projects (Action Plan — Contents (3)(a)). ## Opponents' View - Focuses on process rather than immediate action; the first full Plan is not due until December 31, 2025, which could delay concrete supports (Action Plan (1)-(2)). - Open‑ended administrative costs with no fiscal cap or estimate; adds a new Secretariat and advisory Council with ongoing reporting duties (Recommendation; Remuneration and expenses; Secretariat — Establishment; Reports). - Risks duplication or friction with provincial programs and authorities; coordination requirements could slow implementation (Role (2)(c); Responsibilities (d.1)). - Potential new labour‑related conditions for access to federal incentives may add compliance burden, especially for small firms, and could affect investment decisions (Action Plan — Contents (3)(a)). - Limited enforcement: if milestones are missed, the Act requires progress reports and ministerial responses but sets no penalties or corrective mechanisms (Progress reports (3); Minister’s response (1)-(2)). - Council composition may not capture all regional or sector needs due to limited seats, which could shape advice unevenly (Appointment (1.1)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 738 · Agreed To · April 15, 2024
Division 737 · Negatived · April 15, 2024
Division 736 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 735 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 733 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 732 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 731 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 730 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 729 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 728 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 727 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 726 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 724 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 723 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 722 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 721 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 720 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 719 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 718 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 717 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 716 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 715 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 714 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 713 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 712 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 711 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 710 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 709 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 708 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 707 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 706 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 705 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 704 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 703 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
Division 702 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 701 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 700 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 699 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 698 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 697 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 696 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 695 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 694 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 693 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 692 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 691 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 690 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 689 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 688 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
Division 687 · Negatived · April 11, 2024
## Summary Bill C-58 changes the Canada Labour Code for federally regulated workplaces. It bans most use of replacement workers during legal strikes and lockouts, adds narrow safety exceptions, and sets fines up to $100,000 per day. It also speeds up “maintenance of activities” decisions (work that must continue to protect public safety) and strengthens rules on reinstating workers after a dispute. - Bans employers from using most replacement workers during a legal strike or lockout, with limited exceptions (Bill s.94(4)–(8)). - Bars using employees in the striking unit during an all-out strike, except for safety-related maintenance of activities (Bill s.94(6)). - Sets fines up to $100,000 per day for violations; allows an administrative penalties scheme by regulation (Bill s.100.1, s.111.01). - Requires unions and employers to agree on maintenance of activities within 15 days after notice to bargain, or get a fast ruling from the Board (82-day limit) (Bill s.87.4(2)–(6.1)). - Requires reinstatement of striking/locked-out employees in preference to others when the dispute ends (Bill s.87.6). - In force 12 months after Royal Assent; Royal Assent was on June 20, 2024, so most provisions take effect June 20, 2025 (Coming-into-force clause). ## What it means for you - Households and service users - Essential safety-related services must continue during strikes or lockouts, either by agreement or Board order (Bill s.87.4(1)–(6.1)). - You may see service disruptions in federally regulated sectors (e.g., air, rail, ports, telecom, banking, postal). The law seeks to protect health and safety, not to keep full service operating (Canada Labour Program sector list; Bill s.87.4, s.94(7)). - When disputes end, normal staffing should resume faster because workers have reinstatement priority (Bill s.87.6). - Workers (federally regulated, unionized) - Your employer cannot use most replacement workers (new hires after notice to bargain, outside contractors, volunteers, students, or employees moved in after notice) to do your duties during a legal strike or lockout, with narrow safety exceptions (Bill s.94(4), s.94(7)–(8)). - In an all-out strike, the employer cannot assign your bargaining-unit colleagues to do struck work except for maintenance of activities required by the Code (Bill s.94(6), s.87.4). - If you were on legal strike or locked out, you must be reinstated ahead of any other person when the dispute ends (Bill s.87.6). - Timing: Rules apply starting June 20, 2025. The maintenance-of-activities rules apply to bargaining where notice to bargain is given on or after that date (Transitional, Bill). - Employers and managers (federally regulated) - Within 15 days after notice to bargain, you and the union must file a maintenance-of-activities agreement; if not, either side can apply to the Board, which must decide within 82 days (Bill s.87.4(2)–(6.1)). - During a legal strike/lockout, you cannot use: - Employees or managers hired after notice to bargain, - Contractors or other employers’ employees, - Employees transferred in or working at other locations, - Volunteers, students, or the public, except for narrow safety, property, or environmental threats and only if specific conditions are met (Bill s.94(4), s.94(7)). - You may continue using pre-existing contractors who were already doing substantially the same work before notice to bargain, but only in the same manner, extent, and circumstances as before (Bill s.94(5)). - Violations can draw Board orders and fines up to $100,000 per day; an administrative monetary penalties scheme may also apply once regulations are made (Bill s.99(1)(b.3)-(b.4), s.99.01, s.100.1, s.111.01). - Strike/lockout notices can only be given after the maintenance-of-activities agreement is filed or the Board has ruled (Bill s.87.2(4)). - Unions - You gain a clearer anti-replacement rule (purpose test removed) and can seek quick Board action on complaints tied to replacement-worker bans (Bill s.94(4)–(6), s.99.01). - You must negotiate and file a maintenance-of-activities agreement within 15 days after notice to bargain or apply to the Board (Bill s.87.4(2)–(6.1)). - Board decisions and orders are final, with narrow grounds for court review under the Federal Courts Act (Bill s.22(1)). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key fiscal elements in the bill text: - No explicit appropriations or spending authorizations (Bill, passim). - Creates an offence with fines up to CAD $100,000 per day for each day of violation; actual revenues depend on enforcement outcomes (Bill s.100.1). - Authorizes an administrative monetary penalties scheme by regulation; penalty ranges and administration costs will depend on future regulations (Bill s.111.01). - Board process changes (time limits, powers) may affect administrative workloads; no official costing identified. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Limits strikebreaking, which they argue makes bargaining more balanced and can push parties to settle at the table rather than prolong disputes (Bill s.94(4)–(6)). - Removes the prior “purpose” test, closing a loophole that made enforcement difficult; focuses on the act of using replacements rather than proving intent (Bill s.94(4); repeal of s.94(2.1)). - Protects public safety with strict maintenance-of-activities rules and a faster decision timeline (82 days), reducing uncertainty before a strike or lockout (Bill s.87.4(2)–(6.1)). - Strong penalties (up to $100,000/day) and potential administrative penalties increase compliance and deter unlawful use of replacements (Bill s.100.1, s.111.01). - Ensures workers can return to their jobs when disputes end, supporting continuity of operations post-strike (Bill s.87.6). ## Opponents' View - Could extend the length or impact of strikes and lockouts in critical sectors by removing employers’ ability to maintain operations with temporary staff, affecting supply chains and consumers; effect size is uncertain and context-dependent. Data unavailable. - Safety exceptions are narrow and conditional; meeting them requires offering work first to striking workers and showing no other means exist, which may slow responses to emergencies (Bill s.94(7)). - May incentivize employers to outsource work to contractors before notice to bargain, to preserve some operational capacity during disputes under the “grandfathering” clause (Bill s.94(5)). - Imposes high penalties and strict rules that could trigger more litigation over who counts as a covered “contractor,” “dependent contractor,” or transferred employee, and over Board timelines (Bill s.94(4)–(5), s.99.01). - New 15-day deadline to settle maintenance-of-activities could front-load disputes and delay strike timelines if parties cannot agree, increasing Board caseload and creating bottlenecks (Bill s.87.4(2)–(6.1)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 774 · Agreed To · May 27, 2024
## Summary The Budget Implementation Act, 2024, No. 1 (Bill C-69) puts many 2024 federal budget measures into law. It creates a new 15% global minimum tax on large multinationals, adds new clean‑economy tax credits, changes several income tax rules for people and businesses, updates excise taxes, and funds targeted programs (school food, Red Dress Alert). It also makes consumer, labour, housing, and crime‑prevention changes, and amends the federal impact assessment law. - Taxes: - New 15% Global Minimum Tax and a domestic top‑up tax (Part 2; Part 3). - New refundable credits for clean hydrogen and clean technology manufacturing; higher journalism labour credit; larger Home Buyers’ Plan; doubled volunteer first responder credits; CCB support after a child’s death (Part 1). - Targeted spending: - Up to $70.1 million for a National School Food Program in 2024‑2025; up to $1.3 million for a Red Dress Alert pilot (Part 4, Divisions 3, 26). - Indigenous Loan Guarantee Program (up to $5 billion in guarantees) (Part 4, Division 25). - Cost‑of‑living/consumer rules: - Telecom self‑serve cancellation, plan change rights, and fee limits (Part 4, Division 37). - Bank‑level “open banking” framework (Consumer‑Driven Banking Act) (Part 4, Division 16). - Housing: - Non‑Canadians home purchase ban extended two years; Underused Housing Tax filing relief and lower penalties (Part 4, Division 1; Part 3, Division 3). - Worker protections: - Presumption of employee status; “right to disconnect” policy requirement; clearer termination rules; EI seasonal extension to October 24, 2026 (Part 4, Divisions 21–23). - Crime/AML: - New offences and tools against auto theft; power to ban certain radio devices; stronger money‑laundering rules and info‑sharing (Part 4, Divisions 34–36). ## What it means for you - Households - School meals: Provinces can receive up to $70.1 million in 2024‑2025 toward a National School Food Program (actual access depends on provincial agreements) (Part 4, Division 3). - RESP/CLB: Government can open an RESP for CLB‑eligible children born after 2023 to pay the Canada Learning Bond; CLB eligibility window extended to age 30 (Part 4, Division 5). - Home buyers: Home Buyers’ Plan limit rises from $35,000 to $60,000; repayment start is deferred by three more years (Part 1(m)). - Child benefits: Canada Child Benefit continues up to six months after a child’s death for deaths after 2024 (Part 1, s.122.62(9)–(12)). - Volunteer credits: Volunteer firefighter and search‑and‑rescue credits effectively double (base amount $6,000) for 2024 and later (Part 1, s.118.06(2), s.118.07(2)). - CPP: New $5,000 death benefit in some cases; child benefit extended to part‑time students; other survivor and child‑benefit clarifications (Part 4, Division 14). - Housing rules: Non‑Canadians home purchase ban extended two years (Part 4, Division 1). Underused Housing Tax: filing exemptions expanded and minimum penalties reduced; new employee‑lodging exemption (Part 3, Division 3). - Prices: Higher federal excise duty on tobacco and vaping products (from April 17, 2024 for tobacco; July 1, 2024 for vaping) (Part 3, Division 2). - Telecom rights: Self‑serve cancellation/plan changes; notice before fixed‑term contracts end; ban on fees meant to discourage plan changes/cancellation (Part 4, Division 37). - Labour rights: Presumption you are an employee unless the employer proves otherwise; employers must have a policy on work‑related communications (“right to disconnect”) and follow clearer termination rules (Part 4, Divisions 21–22). - Workers and students - Student loan forgiveness expanded to more professions in underserved rural or remote communities (early childhood educators, dentists/hygienists, pharmacists, midwives, teachers, social workers, psychologists, personal support workers, physiotherapists) (Part 4, Division 4). - EI seasonal workers: Extra weeks measure extended to October 24, 2026 (Part 4, Division 23). - Small and medium‑sized businesses - New small‑business fuel‑charge “carbon” return per employee for CCPCs in designated provinces (amounts set by Finance; per‑employee payments via corporate return) (Part 1, new s.127.421). - Journalism credit: credit rate temporarily increased to 35% and per‑employee cap to $85,000 (Part 1, s.125.6). - Mineral exploration tax credit extended one year (Part 1). - AML compliance: Cheque‑cashing and more services fall under FINTRAC rules; new voluntary info‑sharing between reporting entities; higher public naming powers for violations (Part 4, Division 34). - Diversity disclosure: Banks, insurers, and trust/loan companies must disclose board/senior management diversity data (regulations to set details) (Part 4, Division 40). - Large businesses/multinationals - Global Minimum Tax (Pillar Two): 15% minimum effective tax rate, with complex rules, safe harbours, and domestic top‑up tax (Part 2; Part 3). - Clean economy credits: Refundable ITCs for clean hydrogen projects (with carbon‑intensity verification, recapture rules) and clean technology manufacturing (Part 1, ss.127.48, 127.49). - Consumers and public safety - Car theft: New Criminal Code offences for possessing/distributing electronic auto‑theft devices; higher penalties for theft with violence or for criminal organizations; enhanced proceeds‑of‑crime tools (Part 4, Division 35). - Radiocommunication: Minister can prohibit specified devices (e.g., those used to intercept or steal vehicles) (Part 4, Division 36). - Open banking: Consumer‑Driven Banking Act sets a framework to safely share your financial data among accredited entities; new Senior Deputy Commissioner to oversee; details to follow by regulation (Part 4, Division 16). - Environmental reviews - Impact Assessment Act amended to focus federal decisions on “adverse effects within federal jurisdiction” and to better coordinate with provinces/Indigenous processes; adds a two‑step significance/public‑interest decision structure (Part 4, Division 28). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. Key figures explicitly appropriated or capped in the bill: Item | Amount | Frequency | Source ---|---:|---|--- National School Food Program (payments to provinces) | CAD $70.1 million | FY2024‑2025 (one‑year authority) | (Part 4, Division 3) Red Dress Alert engagement and pilot payments | Up to CAD $1.3 million | 2024‑2027 | (Part 4, Division 26) Indigenous Loan Guarantee Program (exposure cap) | Up to CAD $5.0 billion | Ongoing guarantee limit | (Part 4, Division 25) Borrowing Authority Act ceiling | Up to CAD $2.126 trillion (or $2.228 trillion, if coordinated clause applies) | Aggregate federal borrowing cap | (Part 4, Division 39, Subdivision B) CMHC total insured/guaranteed limit | $800 billion (permanent cap) | Ongoing limit | (Part 4, Division 2) Notes: - Many tax changes and refundable credits (clean hydrogen ITC, clean tech manufacturing ITC, journalism credit boost, small‑business carbon proceeds return, HBP increase) affect revenues and outlays, but the bill text does not include fiscal totals (Data unavailable). - Excise duty increases on tobacco/vaping raise revenue; no amount stated (Part 3, Division 2). - Global Minimum Tax and domestic top‑up tax likely raise revenue; no amount stated (Part 2; Part 3). ## Proponents' View - Fairer taxation: A 15% Global Minimum Tax and domestic top‑up reduce profit shifting by large multinationals and level the playing field (Part 2; Part 3). - Clean economy investment: Refundable credits for clean hydrogen and clean tech manufacturing de‑risk capital projects, tie support to carbon‑intensity performance, and include recapture if targets aren’t met (Part 1, ss.127.48, 127.49). - Cost‑of‑living and family support: Bigger Home Buyers’ Plan and extended CCB after a child’s death provide targeted relief (Part 1(m); s.122.62(9)-(12)). - Consumer protection: Telecom self‑serve cancellation and fee bans reduce bill shock and friction; open banking will let consumers safely share data to get better deals (Part 4, Divisions 37, 16). - Worker protections: Presumption of employee status and right‑to‑disconnect policy address misclassification and after‑hours pressures (Part 4, Divisions 21–22). - Housing measures: Extending the non‑resident purchase ban and easing Underused Housing Tax compliance focus rules on misuse while reducing red tape for ordinary owners (Part 4, Division 1; Part 3, Division 3). - Public safety and AML: New offences and device bans target auto theft; broader FINTRAC tools and info‑sharing help deter money laundering and sanctions evasion (Part 4, Divisions 35–36, 34). ## Opponents' View - Complexity and compliance burden: Pillar Two rules, new ITCs with detailed verification, AML expansions, and open‑banking oversight add significant legal and administrative complexity, especially for mid‑market firms (Part 2; Part 1, ss.127.48–.49; Part 4, Division 34; Division 16). - Fiscal risk and opacity: Major refundable tax credits (clean hydrogen/manufacturing, journalism) and per‑employee carbon proceeds returns lack cost figures in the bill; loan guarantees add contingent liabilities (Expenses; Part 4, Division 25). - Market distortions: Targeted industry credits may “pick winners,” crowd out private capital, and risk subsidizing projects that miss carbon‑intensity targets despite recapture (Part 1, s.127.48). - Borrowing headroom: Raising the borrowing authority ceiling increases federal debt capacity amid higher interest costs (Part 4, Division 39). - Privacy and security: Open‑banking and expanded AML info‑sharing raise data‑privacy concerns if technical standards and governance are weak (Part 4, Divisions 16, 34). - Housing impact: Extending the non‑resident home purchase ban may have limited effect on affordability while deterring some investment (Part 4, Division 1). - Labour rigidity: Presumption of employee status and right‑to‑disconnect policy design may raise compliance costs and reduce flexibility in some sectors (Part 4, Divisions 21–22).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 847 · Agreed To · June 19, 2024
Division 845 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 844 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 843 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 841 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 840 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 839 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 838 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 837 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 836 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 835 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 834 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 833 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 832 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 831 · Negatived · June 18, 2024
Division 825 · Agreed To · June 17, 2024
Division 766 · Agreed To · May 22, 2024
Division 765 · Negatived · May 22, 2024
Division 761 · Agreed To · May 21, 2024
## Summary The Countering Foreign Interference Act (Bill C-70) updates national security, criminal, evidence, and transparency laws to deter covert foreign influence. It strengthens Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) powers, creates new criminal offences tied to foreign entities, changes court rules for handling secret information, and sets up a public registry for people acting under arrangements with foreign principals in political processes. - Requires people who enter certain arrangements with foreign states or their proxies to register within 14 days; creates a public registry and a new Commissioner (Part 4, ss. 5, 8–11). - Creates new offences for acting “at the direction of, for the benefit of, or in association with” a foreign entity, including covert political influence; penalties up to life imprisonment (Part 2, ss. 20.2–20.4). - Expands “sabotage” to cover essential infrastructure, with explicit protection for protest and labour action where there is no intent to cause specified harms; AG consent required to prosecute (Criminal Code ss. 52.1, 52.2; s. 52(5); s. 52.3). - Gives CSIS new tools (preservation and production orders, single‑attempt warrants; clarified foreign data collection from within Canada), and modernizes dataset rules with judicial and ministerial controls and a 5‑year parliamentary review (Part 1, e.g., ss. 20.3–20.8, 22.21; datasets ss. 11.03–11.25; Review). - Changes court processes to handle sensitive information, including appointing special counsel and limiting some appeals until after conviction (Part 3, Canada Evidence Act; e.g., s. 37.1(1.1), s. 38.09(1.1)). ## What it means for you - Households and individuals - If you act under an arrangement with a foreign principal to influence or communicate about Canadian political or governmental processes, you must register within 14 days and keep information updated. The registry is public (Part 4, ss. 5, 8). - Covert or deceptive conduct done at the direction of or in association with a foreign entity, to influence democratic rights or political/governmental processes, can lead to life imprisonment (Part 2, s. 20.4). - Intimidation, threats, or violence linked to a foreign entity, including some acts done outside Canada with a Canadian link, carry up to life imprisonment (Part 2, s. 20; s. 20.1). - Workers, protesters, and organizers - New “sabotage — essential infrastructure” offence targets intentional acts that make critical systems unsafe or inoperable. It protects strikes, work stoppages, and advocacy/protest/dissent where there is no intent to cause specified harms (Criminal Code s. 52.1(1), (3)–(5)). - Making or distributing a device (including software) for sabotage is an offence (Criminal Code s. 52.2). - Businesses, platforms, and record holders - You may receive a court‑ordered preservation order (keep data for up to 90 days) or a production order (produce specified records) from CSIS. You can apply to vary or revoke a production order within 14 days (Part 1, ss. 20.3–20.5). - After orders expire or are executed, you must destroy preserved materials not kept in the ordinary course of business (Part 1, s. 20.8). - There is protection from civil/criminal liability for voluntarily preserving or producing information to CSIS when not prohibited by law (Part 1, s. 20.7). - Public office holders and political actors (federal, provincial/territorial, municipal, and Indigenous) - Political processes at all levels are within scope of the new political interference offence and the registry regime (Part 2, s. 20.4(5); Part 4, s. 4). - Registry obligations for provincial/territorial, municipal, and Indigenous processes start on dates set by Cabinet, not before the main Part 4 start date (Part 4, Coming into Force). - Universities, school boards, and education sector - “Educational governance” (e.g., school boards, colleges, universities) is explicitly covered by the political interference offence (Part 2, s. 20.4(4)). - People in court proceedings - In some cases involving national security information, judges may hear evidence in private, appoint special counsel to protect a non‑government party’s interests, and limit disclosure to summaries. Appeals on certain secrecy rulings are allowed only after conviction unless exceptional circumstances exist (Part 3, e.g., s. 37.1(1.1); s. 38.09(1.1); special counsel provisions). - Timing - Most criminal and evidence changes take effect 60 days after Royal Assent (Part 2, Div. 3; Part 3, Div. 4). - The registry and Commissioner take effect on a date set by Cabinet; expansion to non‑federal processes also occurs by order (Part 4, Coming into Force). - CSIS Act changes take effect per the Act; the CSIS Act will face a 5‑year parliamentary review (Part 1, Parliamentary Review). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key known elements: - Royal Recommendation signals new spending authority is required, but the bill sets no dollar amounts (Preamble to Summary). - Creates a new Foreign Influence Transparency Commissioner with staff, systems, and enforcement capacity (Part 4, ss. 9–14, 16–25). - Adds administrative monetary penalties and criminal fines that may generate revenue; amounts of AMPs to be set by regulation (Part 4, ss. 22–25). - Additional demands on CSIS, the Federal Court, and the Federal Court of Appeal (e.g., orders, special counsel) with no quantified costs (Part 1; Part 3). - Fiscal note or PBO estimate: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Transparency and deterrence: A public registry of arrangements with foreign principals makes influence efforts visible and deters covert activity; registration within 14 days and ongoing updates are mandatory (Part 4, s. 5; s. 8). - Strong criminal tools: New offences cover committing crimes for foreign entities, deceptive conduct that harms Canadian interests, and political interference tied to foreign entities; penalties up to life imprisonment aim to raise the cost of foreign meddling (Part 2, ss. 20.2–20.4). - Protest safeguards: The essential‑infrastructure offence includes clear protections for advocacy, protest, and labour action where there is no intent to cause the specified harms; prosecutions require the Attorney General’s consent (Criminal Code s. 52.1(3)–(5); s. 52.3). - Faster, clearer intelligence powers with oversight: Preservation/production orders and single‑attempt warrants can secure evidence quickly; dataset rules require ministerial/judicial authorization, set retention limits, and delete sensitive information like health data and solicitor‑client privileged material (Part 1, ss. 11.1(1), 11.13, 11.17, 20.3–20.8). - Protecting secrets while maintaining fairness: Special counsel, summaries, and time‑limited appeals aim to prevent harmful disclosure of national security information while allowing cases to proceed (Part 3; e.g., special counsel; s. 37.1(1.1); s. 38.09(1.1)). ## Opponents' View - Overbreadth and chilling effects: The registry could capture benign or routine interactions, especially for diaspora groups, academics, or NGOs. Key scope details depend on future regulations (who is a “public office holder,” information to file), creating uncertainty and potential over‑compliance (Part 4, ss. 2, 5–6, 32). - Vague standards, severe penalties: Terms like “surreptitious or deceptive conduct” and “in association with” a foreign entity are broad. With penalties up to life imprisonment, there is a risk of sweeping in legitimate activity or uneven enforcement (Part 2, s. 20.3; s. 20.4). - Protest risk at critical sites: “Essential infrastructure” is defined broadly and can be expanded by regulation. Although there are protest and labour safeguards, disputes about intent could expose protesters to investigation (Criminal Code s. 52.1(2), (5), (6)). - Privacy and due process concerns: CSIS preservation/production orders and voluntary data requests may pressure firms to share information under confidentiality, with limited notice to affected individuals (Part 1, ss. 19(2.1), 20.3–20.7). - Fair trial concerns: Limiting some appeals on secrecy rulings until after conviction and allowing private, ex parte hearings — with special counsel not acting as the person’s lawyer — may constrain an accused’s ability to test the case against them (Part 3, s. 37.1(1.1); s. 38.09(1.1); special counsel role). - Implementation risk and cost: The new Commissioner, registry, and court processes require new systems, staff, and rules. Without published cost estimates or timelines for regulations, governments, businesses, and civil society face planning uncertainty (Part 4, ss. 9–14, 32; Coming into Force).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 814 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
## Summary This bill gives the federal government authority to spend up to CAD $117,781,852,267 for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025, based on the 2024–25 Main Estimates. Most items are regular operating, capital, grants, and contributions for departments, agencies, and Crown corporations. The authority takes effect retroactively to April 1, 2024. Some items may be paid and used through March 31, 2026 under Schedule 2 (mainly Canada Revenue Agency and Canada Border Services Agency) (Appropriation amount clause; Effective date (2); Schedule 1; Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Funds day‑to‑day operations of federal services (e.g., CRA, CBSA, CATSA, RCMP, Veterans Affairs) (Schedules 1–2). - Provides large transfer programs, including Indigenous Services, Employment and Social Development, Health, and Infrastructure (Schedule 1). - Supports housing programs via CMHC and transport services like VIA Rail and airport security (Schedule 1). - Includes central Treasury Board votes for contingencies, carry‑forwards, and paylists to manage government‑wide needs (Schedule 1). - Does not change taxes or create new programs by itself; it authorizes spending for items listed in the Estimates (Schedule 1). ## What it means for you - Households - Federal services continue at normal funding levels through March 31, 2025. This includes tax and benefit administration (CRA) and border and airport screening (CBSA, CATSA) (Schedule 2; Schedule 1). - Health‑related federal programs and grants remain funded (Health, Public Health Agency of Canada) (Schedule 1). - No changes to tax rates or new penalties are created by this bill. It only authorizes spending already set out in the Estimates (Schedules 1–2). - Travelers - Airport security screening remains funded (Canadian Air Transport Security Authority: $1,194,373,969) (Schedule 1). - Border services continue operations and capital projects (Canada Border Services Agency: $2,434,577,084, usable through March 31, 2026) (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Passenger rail services receive funding (VIA Rail: $1,159,349,066) (Schedule 1). - Veterans - Programs, benefits, and services continue to be funded (Veterans Affairs: $6,168,884,866) (Schedule 1). - Indigenous communities - Program and service delivery remain funded (Indigenous Services: $20,927,551,435) and claims/relations activities continue (Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs: $10,906,762,594) (Schedule 1). - Students and researchers - Federal research granting councils are funded (CIHR: $1,360,751,131; NSERC: $1,376,768,921; SSHRC: $1,193,127,536) (Schedule 1). - Businesses and cultural sector - Trade and development programs continue (Global Affairs Canada grants and contributions: $5,884,106,557 for specified purposes, including trade and investment promotion) (Schedule 1). - Arts and culture grants remain funded (Canada Council for the Arts: $363,758,160; CBC/Radio‑Canada: $1,383,237,411) (Schedule 1). - Local governments and infrastructure users - Federal infrastructure contribution programs continue (Office of Infrastructure of Canada: $5,817,761,594) (Schedule 1). - Environment and parks operations and contributions continue (Environment: $2,638,596,171; Parks Canada: $1,000,738,403) (Schedule 1). - Timeline and mechanics - Spending authority is effective April 1, 2024. Most items must be charged to 2024–25; some CRA and CBSA items can be used through March 31, 2026 (Effective date (2); Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Unused Schedule 2 amounts lapse at the end of 2025–26; Schedule 1 lapses at the normal close of 2024–25, subject to accounting adjustments allowed in the Act (Adjustments in accounts — Schedules 1–2). ## Expenses Estimated gross appropriations authorized: CAD $117,781,852,267 (FY2024–25), with certain Schedule 2 items usable through March 31, 2026. - Totals - Schedule 1 (chargeable to 2024–25): $112,465,015,938 (Schedule 1). - Schedule 2 (chargeable to 2024–25 and 2025–26): $5,316,836,329 (Schedule 2). - Aggregate authorized by the Act: $117,781,852,267 (Appropriation amount clause). Key allocations (selected) Item | Amount | Fiscal timing | Source ---|---:|---|--- National Defence | $28,792,963,081 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Indigenous Services | $20,927,551,435 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs | $10,906,762,594 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Employment and Social Development | $11,482,355,998 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Health | $8,398,015,720 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Treasury Board Secretariat (central votes) | $9,310,377,653 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Infrastructure (Office of Infrastructure of Canada) | $5,817,761,594 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation | $5,620,208,332 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Veterans Affairs | $6,168,884,866 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Canada Revenue Agency | $4,654,538,023 | 2024–25–2025–26 | Schedule 2 Canada Border Services Agency | $2,434,577,084 | 2024–25–2025–26 | Schedule 2 CATSA (airport security) | $1,194,373,969 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 VIA Rail Canada | $1,159,349,066 | 2024–25 | Schedule 1 Notes - Many organizations have authority to “net vote” by spending certain revenues to offset costs under the Financial Administration Act s.29.1(2)(a), as listed in their votes (e.g., Health, RCMP, Shared Services, others) (Schedule 1). - Treasury Board central votes include contingencies ($750,000,000), operating carry‑forward ($3,000,000,000), capital carry‑forward ($750,000,000), paylist requirements ($600,000,000), public service insurance ($3,843,672,789), and government‑wide initiatives ($18,500,000) (Schedule 1). ## Proponents' View - Maintains core public services without interruption through March 31, 2025; authority is retroactive to April 1, 2024 to avoid gaps (Effective date (2)). - Funds high‑priority areas that affect daily life, such as health (Health: $8.398B), housing (CMHC: $5.620B), transportation (VIA Rail: $1.159B; CATSA: $1.194B), and public safety (RCMP: $4.253B) (Schedule 1). - Supports Indigenous programs and reconciliation work at scale (Indigenous Services: $20.928B; Crown‑Indigenous Relations: $10.907B) (Schedule 1). - Enables research, innovation, and skills via the granting councils (CIHR $1.361B; NSERC $1.377B; SSHRC $1.193B) (Schedule 1). - Provides flexibility to manage government‑wide pressures through Treasury Board central votes, reducing the need for multiple stand‑alone bills for contingencies, carry‑forwards, and paylists (Schedule 1). - Allows CRA and CBSA items to be used through March 31, 2026, aiding multi‑year implementation and avoiding project delays (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). ## Opponents' View - Size and breadth of voted appropriations ($117.782B) may hinder detailed parliamentary scrutiny, since many lines reference “the grants listed in any of the Estimates” without program‑level detail in the bill text (Appropriation amount clause; Schedule 1). - Retroactive effect to April 1, 2024 means spending can proceed before final passage, which some view as reducing transparency (Effective date (2)). - Treasury Board central votes give broad discretion to reallocate or supplement other appropriations (e.g., Contingencies $750M; Operating Carry‑Forward $3B; Capital Carry‑Forward $750M; Paylist $600M), which may dilute direct oversight of specific programs (Schedule 1). - Numerous “net voting” authorities let departments spend revenues to offset costs (FAA s.29.1(2)(a)), which can complicate tracking gross versus net spending and comparisons year‑over‑year (Schedule 1). - Schedule 2 funds can be paid and applied up to March 31, 2026 and then lapse, allowing re‑profiling across fiscal years; critics may see this as weakening annual control of expenditures (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Defence vote includes authority for total commitments of $74,200,898,576, with an estimated $45,516,020,917 coming due in future years, creating future‑year obligations and potential delivery risks if projects slip (Schedule 1).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 820 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
Division 819 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
Division 818 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
## Summary This bill authorizes the federal government to spend up to CAD $11,187,495,220 for 2024–2025, as set out in Supplementary Estimates (A). It covers operating costs, grants, contributions, and some capital, for departments and agencies across the Government of Canada. The authority is deemed to take effect on April 1, 2024, and applies to items not already funded in the Main Estimates (Schedule; Supplementary Estimates (A) 2024–25; Bill: Effective date). - Authorizes $5.62 billion for Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs and $2.16 billion for Indigenous Services (Schedule). - Provides $951.55 million for Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada operations and contributions (Schedule). - Funds $604.93 million in Transport Canada contributions and $75.70 million for VIA HFR – VIA TGF Inc. (Schedule). - Allocates $528.25 million for Veterans Affairs operations and $342.73 million for Health contributions and operations (Schedule). - Sets a $250.00 million Treasury Board contingency for urgent or unforeseen needs (Schedule; TBS Vote 5a). ## What it means for you - Households - No new taxes or fees are created by this bill. It only authorizes spending (Bill: Grant of $11.19B). - Existing federal services and grants can continue or expand where listed, effective April 1, 2024–March 31, 2025 (Bill: Effective date; Schedule). - Indigenous peoples and communities - Significant funding flows to Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs ($5.62B) and Indigenous Services ($2.16B) for operations and grants/contributions during 2024–2025 (Schedule). - Exact program-by-program amounts are set in Supplementary Estimates (A) and departmental announcements (Data unavailable here). - Newcomers and refugees - Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada receives $951.55M for operations and contributions, which can support processing and settlement-related agreements in 2024–2025 (Schedule; IRCC Votes 1a, 10a). - Travelers and commuters - Transport Canada receives $604.93M in contributions that can fund transport programs and projects in 2024–2025 (Schedule). - VIA HFR – VIA TGF Inc. gets $75.70M for operating and capital needs tied to rail initiatives in 2024–2025 (Schedule). - Veterans and their families - Veterans Affairs receives $528.25M in operating funds to run its programs and services in 2024–2025 (Schedule). - Renters and homeowners - CMHC is reimbursed $212.37M for loans forgiven, grants, contributions, and related costs under the National Housing Act and other authorities in 2024–2025 (Schedule; CMHC Vote 1a). - Researchers and cultural workers - NSERC gets $9.10M in grants; Telefilm Canada receives $49.48M; the National Arts Centre receives $2.33M for operations, all in 2024–2025 (Schedule). - SSHRC appears in the schedule but the amount is not shown in the provided text (Data unavailable). - Businesses and non‑profits - Natural Resources ($213.14M in contributions), Transport ($604.93M in contributions), PacifiCan ($1.90M in contributions), and other departments may open or expand grant/contribution programs in 2024–2025 (Schedule). - Provinces, territories, municipalities - Departments with contribution authorities (e.g., Transport, Health, Indigenous portfolios) can transfer funds through existing agreements in 2024–2025 (Schedule; items specifying “Contributions”). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: CAD $11,187,495,220 (FY2024–2025). - Source: Supplementary Estimates (A) 2024–25; enacted via Appropriation Act No. 3, 2024–25 (Bill: $11.19B grant; Schedule). - Timing: Deemed effective April 1, 2024; can record year‑end adjustments before Public Accounts are tabled (Bill: Effective date; Adjustments in accounts). - Contingency: Treasury Board may address urgent/unforeseen items up to $250,000,000 within departmental legal mandates (Schedule; TBS Vote 5a). Item | Amount | Frequency | Source --- | --- | --- | --- Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs | $5,617,281,334 | One‑time (FY2024–2025) | Schedule (Votes 1a, 10a) Indigenous Services | $2,164,956,235 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 10a) Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | $951,546,152 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 10a) Transport Canada | $604,928,802 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 10a) Veterans Affairs | $528,253,666 | One‑time | Schedule (Vote 1a) Health | $342,727,957 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 10a) Treasury Board Secretariat (incl. contingencies) | $252,414,728 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 5a) Natural Resources | $213,144,198 | One‑time | Schedule (Votes 1a, 5a, 10a) Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) | $212,374,706 | One‑time | Schedule (Vote 1a) VIA HFR – VIA TGF Inc. | $75,700,000 | One‑time | Schedule (Vote 1a) All other listed items (multiple orgs) | $224,167,442 | One‑time | Schedule (various) Total authorized (this Act) | $11,187,495,220 | One‑time | Bill; Schedule ## Proponents' View - Ensures government services and payments continue without interruption by providing mid‑year authorities aligned to Supplementary Estimates (A) (Bill; Schedule). - Targets major priorities, including Indigenous communities, with $5.62B to Crown‑Indigenous Relations and $2.16B to Indigenous Services (Schedule). - Supports immigration operations and related contributions with $951.55M, helping manage high application volumes and settlement partnerships (Schedule; IRCC Votes 1a, 10a). - Advances transport initiatives, including $604.93M in contributions at Transport Canada and $75.70M for VIA HFR projects (Schedule). - Provides flexibility to address urgent or unforeseen needs through a $250.00M Treasury Board contingency, within legal mandates (Schedule; TBS Vote 5a). - Backs housing and cultural sectors via CMHC reimbursements ($212.37M) and funding for Telefilm ($49.48M) and the National Arts Centre ($2.33M) (Schedule). ## Opponents' View - Scale and timing: Adds $11.19B in voted authorities mid‑year, which can complicate fiscal planning; the bill itself does not show how this fits the overall budget balance (Bill; Schedule). Assumption: fiscal impact depends on broader revenues and spending not in this bill. - Limited line‑by‑line detail: Many votes are broad “grants and contributions” without program‑level breakdowns in the bill text, reducing parliamentary visibility at this stage (Schedule). Assumption: details reside in Supplementary Estimates (A). - Retroactive effect: Deeming all items effective April 1, 2024 reduces ex‑ante scrutiny of spending decisions already underway (Bill: Effective date). - Contingency risks: The $250.00M Treasury Board contingency could dilute program‑specific oversight if used widely, even though it must remain within legal mandates (Schedule; TBS Vote 5a). - Year‑end accounting: Allowing adjustments after year‑end until Public Accounts are tabled may reduce timely transparency for citizens tracking in‑year spending (Bill: Adjustments in accounts).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 824 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
Division 823 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
Division 822 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
## Summary This bill changes how the Criminal Code defines “exploitation” for human trafficking crimes. It replaces the current test with a clearer list of actions that count as exploitation and repeals a related subsection. The changes apply to existing trafficking offences in sections 279.01 to 279.03 of the Code (Bill s.1). - Replaces the old “fear for safety” test with a “means-based” test focused on force, threats, coercion, deception, fraud, or abuse of trust, power, or authority (Bill s.1). - States that threats or coercion can relate to “any person,” not only the victim (Bill s.1). - Requires that the accused’s conduct caused the person to provide or offer labour or a service (Bill s.1). - Repeals subsection 279.04(2), which is no longer needed under the new definition (Bill s.2). - Does not change penalties in sections 279.01–279.03; it only changes the definition used to prove those crimes (Bill s.1). ## What it means for you - Households and victims - If someone makes you work or provide services using force, threats, coercion, deception, fraud, or abuse of trust, power, or authority, that is “exploitation” for trafficking, even if you did not say you feared for your safety (Bill s.1). - Threats to anyone (for example, a family member) can meet the definition, if they are used to make you work or provide services (Bill s.1). - Effective on Royal Assent, since the bill has no separate coming-into-force clause (Bill text). - Workers, including migrants and youth - Deceptive recruiting, fraud about job terms, or abuse of authority to make you work can meet the test for trafficking if it causes you to provide labour or services (Bill s.1). - The Crown would not need to prove you reasonably feared for your safety; it would need to prove the listed coercive means were used (Bill s.1). - Businesses and labour recruiters - Practices that involve deception about job conditions, threats (including to third parties), or abusing power over workers could trigger criminal liability for trafficking if they cause labour or services (Bill s.1). - Review recruiting and supervision practices to avoid conduct that could be seen as coercion, deception, or abuse of authority (Bill s.1). - Police, Crown, and courts - Investigations and prosecutions would focus on evidence of the listed means (force, threats, coercion, deception, fraud, abuse of trust/power/authority) and causation, rather than proving the victim’s fear for safety (Bill s.1). - The repeal of subsection 279.04(2) removes a separate “factors to consider” list, because those factors now appear in the core definition (Bill s.2). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No direct appropriations or new programs in the bill text. It changes definitions in existing Criminal Code offences (Bill s.1–s.2). - Possible impacts on justice system workload (investigations, prosecutions, legal aid, courts): Data unavailable. - No official fiscal note identified: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Clarifies and modernizes the definition of exploitation by listing concrete means—force, threats, coercion, deception, fraud, or abuse of trust, power, or authority—making it clearer what conduct is illegal (Bill s.1). - Removes the need to prove that a victim reasonably feared for their safety, which supporters say made cases harder to prosecute and placed a burden on victims (Bill s.1). - Confirms that threats or coercion aimed at “any person,” not just the victim, count toward exploitation, which captures common trafficking tactics like threats to family members (Bill s.1). - Keeps focus on causation: the accused’s conduct must cause the person to provide or offer labour or services, maintaining a clear link to trafficking activity (Bill s.1). - Repeals an overlapping subsection because the indicators it listed are now part of the definition, which may simplify jury instructions and court analysis (Bill s.2). ## Opponents' View - Argue that removing the “fear for safety” element could widen the offence and risk capturing severe labour disputes or misconduct that should be addressed by labour law, not criminal trafficking, depending on how courts apply the new test (Bill s.1). - Note that the phrase “any other similar act” is open-ended and may invite litigation over vagueness and the scope of the offence (Bill s.1). - Caution that “abuse of a position of trust, power or authority” is broad and could be unevenly applied without clear guidance, increasing enforcement discretion risks (Bill s.1). - Warn of potential increases in investigations and prosecutions without added resources, which could strain police, Crown, legal aid, and courts: Data unavailable. - Flag transitional risks as cases shift from a “fear-based” to a “means-based” standard, requiring training and updated practices to ensure consistent application (Bill s.1).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 853 · Negatived · June 19, 2024
## Summary This bill changes the federal Excise Tax Act to stop charging GST/HST on psychotherapy and mental health counselling services. It adds these services to the list of health services that are tax‑exempt and updates who counts as a “practitioner” (licensed professional) for this purpose. The change would start six months after royal assent (Coming into Force). - Removes GST/HST from psychotherapy and mental health counselling services when provided by licensed practitioners (Part II of Schedule V, s. 7(j.1)-(j.2); practitioner definition). - Extends the same tax treatment already given to psychological services to these two service types (Bill, Section 1; Schedule V). - Applies across Canada, including in HST provinces, because HST uses the federal GST base (Excise Tax Act framework). - Takes effect six months after the bill becomes law (Coming into Force). ## What it means for you - Households - If you pay out of pocket for psychotherapy or mental health counselling, the GST/HST line on your bill would be removed. Your savings equal the current GST or HST rate in your province (Bill, Part II of Schedule V, s. 7(j.1)-(j.2)). - The exemption applies only when the service is provided by a recognized practitioner under the Act (licensed or certified, per the updated “practitioner” definition) (Bill, Section 1). - Start date: six months after royal assent. Until then, current tax rules continue (Coming into Force). - Patients with insurance benefits - If your plan reimburses or pays providers directly, eligible claims would no longer include GST/HST on these services once in force. Your plan’s out‑of‑pocket share would reflect that change (Bill, Part II of Schedule V). - Providers (psychotherapists, mental health counsellors) - You would stop charging and collecting GST/HST on qualifying services once the change takes effect (Part II of Schedule V). - As with other exempt health services, you generally cannot claim GST/HST back on related business purchases (called input tax credits) for exempt supplies under existing GST/HST rules (Excise Tax Act, Schedule V framework). - You may need to update invoicing, point‑of‑sale systems, and engagement letters to reflect exempt status as of the in‑force date. - Other health professionals - Psychological services are already exempt; this bill adds psychotherapy and mental health counselling to the same list, reducing boundary issues when patients see different types of mental health providers (Bill, Section 1; Part II of Schedule V). - Governments - No change to provincial standalone sales taxes; the bill only amends the federal GST/HST law (Excise Tax Act scope). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key points - No official fiscal note was provided with the bill text. Data unavailable. - By creating a GST/HST exemption, the bill would reduce federal GST revenue and the HST revenue shared with participating provinces. The size depends on the volume and price of eligible services. Data unavailable. - No appropriations or new spending authorities are included; the impact is forgone tax revenue only (Bill text). ## Proponents' View - Lowers out‑of‑pocket costs for people seeking care by removing GST/HST from psychotherapy and mental health counselling (Part II of Schedule V, s. 7(j.1)-(j.2)). - Aligns tax treatment with other regulated health services, including psychological services already listed as exempt, improving consistency across mental health care (Bill, Section 1; Schedule V). - Could reduce a financial barrier at the point of care for those without public or private coverage (Preamble; Schedule V amendment). - Administrative simplicity for patients and providers: no tax to calculate or remit on these services, matching existing practice for other exempt health services (Schedule V framework). - Six‑month implementation window gives CRA and providers time to update systems and guidance (Coming into Force). ## Opponents' View - Reduces federal and HST‑sharing provincial tax revenues; no official estimate is provided, creating budget uncertainty (Expenses: Data unavailable). - Variation in provincial regulation of “psychotherapy” and “mental health counselling” could cause uneven application and compliance disputes about who is a qualifying practitioner (Bill, Section 1; practitioner definition relies on licensure/certification). - As an exempt supply, providers generally cannot claim input tax credits on related business inputs, which may raise their unrecoverable costs and could be passed through in prices (Excise Tax Act, Schedule V rules on exempt supplies). - Boundary and enforcement risks: mixed services (e.g., coaching vs counselling) may require classification, adding audit and documentation burdens for providers and CRA (Part II of Schedule V). - The tax change alone may not improve access if provider availability and wait times remain the main constraints (Preamble notes access issues but does not add supply‑side measures).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 852 · Agreed To · June 19, 2024
Division 851 · Agreed To · June 19, 2024
## Summary Bill C-65 (Electoral Participation Act) changes the Canada Elections Act to make voting easier, tighten rules on foreign influence and misinformation, modernize special ballots, and set stricter privacy rules for political parties. It also strengthens enforcement by the Commissioner of Canada Elections and requires studies on future reforms like a three-day polling period. - Adds two more days of advance voting (6 days total) and creates flexible voting options for remote areas and long-term care homes (Clauses 21, 29, 31–33). - Modernizes special ballots: electronic applications, on-campus voting offices, and drop-boxes for mailed ballots at polling places (Clauses 35, 37, 39). - Lets voters opt out of having their data shared with parties; requires parties to meet detailed privacy standards and bans sale of personal data (Clauses 19, 70–71). - Expands bans on foreign influence and on misinformation, including outside the election period; bans crypto, money orders, and prepaid cards as political contributions (Clauses 44–46, 61, 85). - Adjusts candidate nomination timelines and adds offences for false nomination information (Clauses 8–13). - Sets October 27, 2025 as the fixed election date if October 20, 2025 would otherwise apply (Clause 5). ## What it means for you - Households (voters) - More chances to vote early: advance polls will run Thursday to Tuesday, 11–6 days before election day, 9:00 a.m.–9:00 p.m. (Clause 31). - If you cannot get to your assigned poll on election day or during advance polls, you can request a transfer to vote at another poll in your riding with a signed declaration (Clauses 28, 30). - You can apply for a mail-in (special) ballot electronically starting in the pre‑election period, and you may drop your special ballot envelope at any polling station in your riding on election day (Clauses 35, 37). - Writing only a party name on a special ballot will count if your intent is clear (Clauses 40–41). - You may ask Elections Canada to exclude your name, address, and identifier from lists given to parties for 5 years; Elections Canada will publish the number of such requests each year (Clause 19). - Students - Special-ballot voting offices may operate on post-secondary campuses for up to 12 hours/day from the 15th to the 8th day before election day (Clause 39). - You can apply and vote at these on-campus offices following special ballot procedures (Clause 39). - Seniors and people with disabilities - Returning officers can create polling divisions limited to a single long-term care or similar institution, with an on-site polling station open up to 12 total hours between the 13th day before election day and election day (Clause 21). - Residents of such institutions can vote or register without showing proof of residence; identity is still required (Clause 23). - The Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) must develop and test voting technology for voters with disabilities, with possible use in elections if approved by Parliamentary committees for up to 6 years (Clause 3). - Candidates and nomination contestants - Nominations can open at the start of the pre‑election period for fixed‑date elections; the closing day for nominations moves to Saturday, the 23rd day before election day (Clauses 8–9). - Witness requirements for nomination signatures and related due-diligence rules are removed (Clause 7). - New offences apply for conveying or filing false or misleading information in nomination papers (Clause 13; offences referenced in Clause 82). - Political parties and associations - Parties must have a privacy policy that meets detailed content rules, including a named privacy officer, staff training, security safeguards, breach notification to affected individuals at real risk of significant harm, and a ban on selling personal information (Clauses 70–71). - The CEO must be satisfied the party’s privacy policy meets these rules for eligibility; parties must annually certify compliance (Clauses 68–69). - Rules requiring pre‑event online publication and notice to the CEO for regulated fundraising events are repealed; post‑event reporting remains, and the CEO will publish only the municipality and province of event locations (Clauses 62–63, 89). - Parties, candidates, and related entities cannot accept contributions in cryptoassets, money orders, or prepaid payment products; such contributions must be returned, destroyed, or converted and remitted (Clause 61). - Third-party advertisers and advocacy groups - Registration thresholds rise from $500 to $1,500 in regulated expenses (pre‑election and election periods) (Clauses 51, 56). - For regulated expenses, third parties must use only contributions from Canadian individuals; limited use of own funds is allowed if prior-year contributions were 10% or less of revenue, with financial statements filed (Clauses 54, 59). - Disclosure is tightened: names and addresses of Canadian contributors over $200 whose funds were used must be reported in interim and final returns (Clauses 52, 57, 60). - Third parties cannot accept contributions in cryptoassets, money orders, or prepaid products; return/destroy/convert rules apply (Clause 49). - Selling ad space to prohibited foreign actors for election or partisan ads is banned (Clause 44). - Broadcasters and online platforms - Using a broadcasting station outside Canada to influence voting is prohibited at any time, not just during the election period (Clause 46). - It is an offence to distribute material that impersonates Elections Canada, a party, or a candidate at any time and in any medium, with intent to mislead (Clause 79). - Election workers and administrators - Additional advance voting days; fewer separate advance ballot boxes required; new procedures for ballot custody in long-term care institutions; ballot boxes to collect special ballot envelopes at polls on election day (Clauses 20–21, 26, 31–33, 37). - Dates for list revisions and publications shift by one day (Clauses 16–18). - The CEO may recommend changing the fixed polling day to avoid conflicts; reasons must be published (Clause 6). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note or appropriations are specified in the bill text. Data unavailable. - Operational changes that may affect Elections Canada’s workload include: - Two additional days of advance voting (Clause 31). Data unavailable. - Polling stations in long-term care institutions (Clause 21). Data unavailable. - Special ballot drop boxes at polling stations and on-campus special ballot offices (Clauses 37, 39). Data unavailable. - Expanded enforcement powers and annual privacy meetings (Clauses 71, 95–101). Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Improves access to voting: - Six days of advance polls with uniform hours; flexible advance options for remote areas; transfer certificates to vote at another poll within the riding (Clauses 29–31; 28, 30). - On-site polls in long-term care and simplified residence proof for residents (Clauses 21, 23). - Student voting offices on campuses (Clause 39). - Modernizes mail-in voting: - Electronic applications; drop-off of special ballot envelopes at polling stations; party names allowed on special ballots to reflect voter intent (Clauses 35, 37, 40–41). - Strengthens protections against misinformation and interference: - New offences for false statements about where, when, and how to vote; impersonation offences apply anytime and across media; foreign influence rules expanded (Clauses 12, 79, 81; 44–46). - Enhances data privacy and transparency: - Voters can opt out of party list sharing for 5 years (Clause 19). - Parties must meet clear privacy standards, notify affected individuals of risky breaches, and cannot sell personal information (Clauses 70–71). - Reduces opaque funding: - Bans crypto, money orders, and prepaid cards as contributions; limits third-party regulated spending to Canadian individual contributions; higher registration threshold (Clauses 49, 51, 54, 56, 59, 61, 85). - Improves enforcement: - Commissioner gains tools to address attempts, conspiracies, and counseling offences; can seek injunctions and production orders; can coordinate with national security bodies (Clauses 95–101). ## Opponents' View - Higher administrative burden and costs: - More advance voting days, long-term care polls, and special ballot handling increase staffing and logistics needs; no cost estimates are provided (Clauses 21, 31, 37). Assumption noted. - Compliance load on civil society: - Third parties must track and use only Canadian individual contributions for regulated expenses and disclose contributor details over $200, which may strain smaller groups (Clauses 52, 54, 57, 59). - Reduced pre-event fundraising transparency: - Removing the requirement to publish and notify about regulated fundraising events before they happen may weaken public scrutiny, despite continued post-event reporting (Clauses 62–63, 89). - Speech and enforcement concerns: - Extending the ban on foreign broadcasting influence outside the election period and broad false-statement offences could raise free-expression and overreach issues if applied broadly (Clauses 46, 81). - Risks around assisted voting and residence proof: - Allowing any person to assist multiple voters and removing residence proof for long-term care residents may increase the risk of improper influence or error if safeguards are not robust (Clauses 23, 27, 43). - Party privacy regime design: - The Act makes the party privacy framework “national, uniform, exclusive and complete,” which may limit recourse under other regimes; effectiveness will depend on oversight and enforcement (Clause 70).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 849 · Agreed To · June 19, 2024
Division 848 · Negatived · June 19, 2024
Division 829 · Agreed To · June 17, 2024
## Summary This bill would require the federal government to share more information with Parliament and the public before Canada approves (ratifies) most international treaties. It sets a standard review period, spells out what must be disclosed, and adds a special review step for “major treaties.” It also allows emergency exceptions, with reasons given after the fact, and sets deadlines to publish treaties once approved. - Before Canada ratifies a treaty, the Foreign Affairs Minister must table the treaty in the House of Commons at least 21 sitting days in advance, with a plain-language memo on its contents, costs, and effects. - Changes to an existing treaty must also be tabled in advance, with an explanation of what is changing and why. - “Major treaties” (including trade deals, tax-raising treaties, those with big costs, sanctions, borders, territory, or transfers of powers to international bodies) must be reviewed by a House committee, and the Minister must seek the House’s advice before ratifying. - In exceptional circumstances, the federal cabinet can let the Minister skip the advance tabling, but the documents and written reasons must be tabled as soon as possible afterward. - After ratification, the government must quickly publish the treaty and any late changes in the Canada Gazette, on the department’s website, and in the Canada Treaty Series. ## What it means for you - General public - More advance notice of new treaties that could affect daily life, jobs, prices, privacy, travel, borders, or sanctions. - Easier to read what a treaty would do, how much it might cost, and what Canada must do to follow it. - A set window (at least 21 sitting days) to contact your MP or submit views before Canada is bound. - Workers and businesses - Earlier warning about trade and investment treaties that may change market access, rules, or competition. - A chance to provide input to a House committee on “major treaties.” - Some agreements may take longer to finalize because of the review period. - Provinces, territories, Indigenous organizations, unions, and industry groups - The government must include a record of consultations with interested parties (other than foreign governments), which can highlight your views on the public record. - Clearer visibility into planned obligations and costs that could affect shared or local responsibilities. - People following defense, sanctions, and borders - Treaties that impose sanctions, change territorial jurisdiction (land, sea, airspace), or affect Canada’s participation in international bodies would face a formal committee review and House advice. - Transparency and access - Final texts and explanations of last-minute changes must be posted online within days and printed in official publications within set timelines. - Limits and exceptions - In urgent cases, the government can approve a treaty without advance tabling, but must table the documents and explain why afterward. - The House’s role is to give advice. The bill does not require a binding vote to approve a treaty. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Gives elected MPs a clear role before Canada makes binding international promises, improving democratic oversight. - Improves transparency by requiring plain-language summaries, cost estimates, Canada’s obligations, and any “opt-out” options to be disclosed up front. - Helps Canadians, including provinces, Indigenous groups, businesses, and unions, prepare and speak up before decisions are final. - Reduces surprises and unintended costs by forcing a public review of “major treaties.” - Locks current practice into law so all future governments must follow the same transparency rules. ## Opponents' View - Could slow down foreign policy and reduce flexibility, especially during fast-moving crises, even with the emergency exception. - May complicate sensitive negotiations or expose positions too early, risking worse outcomes or failed talks. - Adds red tape and committee workload, while the House’s “advice” is not binding and might create confusion about who decides. - Duplicates much of the existing policy that already requires tabling treaties before ratification, with unclear added benefit. - The 21-sitting-day timeline may be too short for deep analysis of complex treaties, or too long when quick action is needed.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 61 · Negatived · January 28, 2026
## Summary This bill creates a new sanctions tool for Canada to respond when foreign states, entities, or individuals take Canadians hostage or detain them arbitrarily to pressure Canada. It lets the government freeze, seize, and forfeit assets in Canada, restrict dealings by Canadians anywhere, and use seized funds to compensate victims. It also requires support for families, allows monetary rewards for tips that free hostages, and changes immigration rules to reward cooperation and bar sanctioned offenders. - Allows orders that ban Canadians and Canadian companies worldwide from dealing with listed foreign actors and their property; lets Canada seize and forfeit their assets in Canada (Bill s.5, s.8). - Requires the Minister of Foreign Affairs to give families information, guidance, and help accessing services, and to facilitate communication when appropriate (Bill s.20). - Permits monetary rewards for critical information that leads to a hostage’s release and return (Bill s.21(2)). - Lets government pay compensation to victims or their estates from the net proceeds of forfeited assets (Bill s.9). - Makes people under these orders inadmissible to Canada and creates a path to permanent residence for foreign nationals who provide qualifying information, with limits (IRPA s.35(1)(e), s.25.1(1.1) as amended). - Sets penalties for violations, up to five years in prison or, on summary conviction, a fine up to CAD $25,000 and/or up to one year in prison (Bill s.15). ## What it means for you - Households - Families of hostages: You receive timely information, advice, and referrals to supports, including mental health resources; the Minister may help with communications when appropriate (Bill s.20). Timing is ongoing once cases arise. - Canadians and eligible protected persons abroad: Canada can target those responsible for hostage-taking or arbitrary detention that is used to pressure Canada (Bill s.5(2), s.2(2)). Direct consular services are not changed in the bill. Data unavailable on timelines for specific cases. - Workers and individuals with information - If you provide critical information that leads to a hostage’s release and repatriation, the Minister may pay you a monetary reward (amount and process not specified in the bill) (Bill s.21(2)). - If you are a foreign national who provides such critical information, you and your family members may be granted permanent residence or exemptions from immigration rules, unless inadmissible on security, human rights, or organized crime grounds (IRPA s.25.1(1.1) as amended). - Businesses and financial institutions - Canadian persons and Canadian corporations, anywhere in the world, must not deal in property of listed parties; must not provide or acquire services for their benefit; and must not make property available to them (Bill s.5(3)(a)-(e)). - Violations can lead to criminal penalties (up to five years imprisonment; or on summary conviction, fine up to CAD $25,000 and/or up to one year imprisonment) (Bill s.15). - You may apply for case-by-case or general permits to allow specified transactions that are otherwise restricted (Bill s.6). - The Minister may require you to provide information relevant to making or enforcing orders; you must comply in the form and timeline set by the Minister (Bill s.7). - If you act reasonably to comply with an order (for example, freezing an account you believe is subject to an order), you have civil immunity for those actions or omissions (Bill s.16). - The anti–money laundering law is amended to reference persons subject to these orders, supporting information disclosures related to them (PCMLTFA s.11.11(1)(b.4) as amended). - Local and provincial governments - If you hold or control property of a listed party in Canada, you must comply with seizure or restraint orders and any restrictions on dealings (Bill s.5(1)(b), s.5(3)). You may face information requests (Bill s.7). - People listed under an order (or mistakenly affected) - Listed foreign nationals, states, or entities can apply to end an order or to have property released; the Minister must decide within 90 days whether to recommend changes based on set criteria (Bill s.11–s.13). - A listed foreign national may request a certificate to exempt property needed for reasonable living expenses for them and their dependents; 90-day decision timeline (Bill s.14). - If your name matches a listed foreign national’s name but you are not that person, you can apply for a certificate; the Minister must decide within 45 days (Bill s.19). - If your property interests are affected by forfeiture, you can apply within 30 days for a court order recognizing your unaffected interest and payment of its value (Bill s.8(4)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note found. The bill contains no standing appropriation. Data unavailable. - Monetary rewards for critical information are authorized at the Minister’s discretion; no amounts or caps stated (Bill s.21(2)). Data unavailable. - Compensation to victims is limited to the net proceeds from the sale of forfeited property and is paid from the Proceeds Account; amounts depend on actual forfeitures (Bill s.9). Data unavailable. - Enforcement and administration will require departmental resources (orders, permits, information requests, court applications), but the bill provides no cost estimates. Data unavailable. - Seizure and disposal costs are charged to the owner of the property and are recoverable as a debt to the Crown (Bill s.18). Offsetting effect on federal costs: Data unavailable. - Potential fine revenue from offences is not estimated (Bill s.15). Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Strengthens Canada’s leverage and deterrence by enabling broad restrictions on dealings, asset seizures, and forfeiture against state and non‑state actors tied to hostage-taking or arbitrary detention (Bill s.5, s.8). - Provides direct, legally required support to families, improving coordination and access to services during crises (Bill s.20). - Creates concrete incentives for cooperation through discretionary monetary rewards and immigration relief for foreign nationals who provide critical information leading to releases (Bill s.21(2); IRPA s.25.1(1.1) as amended). - Offers a path to compensate victims from net proceeds of forfeited assets, aligning consequences with harm (Bill s.9). - Increases accountability and transparency via mandatory tabling of each order in Parliament, annual reporting on implementation, and a 10‑year legislative review (Bill s.10, s.22–s.23). - Harmonizes with existing inadmissibility rules by adding those sanctioned under this Act to the list of people barred from entering Canada (IRPA s.35(1)(e) as amended). ## Opponents' View - Due process and discretion concerns: orders can be made when the Governor in Council is “of the opinion” conditions are met, with wide restrictions and property impacts; although courts oversee forfeiture and notice is required, critics may see risks of overreach or errors (Bill s.5(1)–s.5(3), s.8(1)–s.8(3)). - Compliance burden for Canadian businesses and financial institutions, including global screening, transaction blocking, responding to information demands, and managing permits, with criminal exposure for mistakes (Bill s.5(3), s.6–s.7, s.15). Costs: Data unavailable. - Overlap and complexity with other sanctions laws could create confusion for compliance and immigration inadmissibility, as the bill adds a parallel regime alongside the Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (Magnitsky Law) (IRPA s.35(1)(e) as amended). - Incentive risks: monetary rewards and immigration benefits may invite false or low‑quality tips; the bill sets no public criteria for reward amounts or vetting beyond the “critical information leading to release” standard (Bill s.21(2); IRPA s.25.1(1.1) as amended). - Victim compensation is limited to net proceeds of forfeited assets; if assets are not found or are minimal, compensation may be small or unavailable (Bill s.9). - International retaliation or escalation risks are possible when sanctioning foreign states or officials; the bill does not address mitigation strategies. Data unavailable.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 799 · Agreed To · June 5, 2024
## Summary This bill ties some federal money for cities to homebuilding results and faster permits. It sets a national goal to grow housing completions by 15% each year and rewards or penalizes “high‑cost cities” based on how many homes they finish. It also offers a 100% GST rebate for new below‑market rental buildings for three years, speeds federal housing program approvals, and orders the sale of some federal land and buildings for housing use. - Links federal infrastructure transfers to each high‑cost city’s completions versus a 15%‑per‑year target; payments can go up or down (Bill s. 6(1)–(2)). - Sets aside up to CAD $100 million for cities that “greatly exceed” targets (Bill s. 7(1)). - Holds federal transit funds in trust until dense housing is built and occupied on “available land” around stations, as defined by regulation (Bill s. 8(1)–(2), s. 12(d)–(e)). - Requires high‑cost cities to avoid undue permit delays; average permit time over six months triggers a presumption of delay and possible funding cuts (Bill s. 10, s. 11). - Creates a 100% GST rebate for new rental projects with average rents below market; includes clawbacks if conditions are not met; repeals after three years (Bill s. 19, Repeal). - Sets a 60‑day average decision standard for federal housing funding applications and ties CMHC executive pay and bonuses to meeting targets and timelines (CMHC Act/National Housing Act amendments). ## What it means for you - Households and renters - More rental projects may aim for below‑market rent to qualify for the 100% GST rebate; the rebate ends three years after Royal Assent and can be clawed back if average rents are not below market for five continuous years (Bill s. 19(1)(iii.1), (3), (11), Repeal). - In listed high‑cost cities, missed targets or slow permits could reduce federal transfers for infrastructure or transit, which may affect city budgets and services (Bill s. 6(2), s. 10–11). - Homebuyers - No direct tax relief. Indirect effects depend on whether cities increase approvals and completions to meet the 15% annual growth target (Bill s. 5–6). - Builders, developers, and landlords - Can seek a full GST rebate on new rental buildings if the project’s average rent is below a regulated market benchmark for the area; must keep average rents below market for five years to avoid clawback; application deadlines apply (Bill s. 19(1), (7), (11)). - Federal housing program applications must be approved or rejected in an average of 60 days; this standard is backed by pay consequences for CMHC executives (National Housing Act, new s. 4 [60‑day standard]; CMHC Act s. 9(3)–(5), s. 13(2.2)–(2.4)). - Local governments (listed “high‑cost cities”) - Infrastructure and municipal GST‑rebate transfers are scaled by your completions relative to your 2023 base grown by 15% per year; the rule starts April 1, 2025 (Bill s. 6(2), Coming into Force). - You may receive extra federal payments if you greatly exceed targets (up to CAD $100 million total across municipalities) (Bill s. 7(1)). - Federal transit funding goes into a trust and is released only after a prescribed number of high‑density units are built and substantially occupied on all “available land” within a prescribed zone around stations (Bill s. 8(1)–(2)). - You must provide prescribed data and keep average permit decisions at or under six months to avoid presumed delay; the Minister can reduce funding proportionally and must give written reasons within 30 days (Bill s. 9–11). - Transit users - New housing is required around stations before federal transit funds are released; this could delay or phase project cash flows if housing does not materialize as prescribed (Bill s. 8(1)–(2)). - Federal property near you - The Minister must list all federal buildings and land, flag sites suitable for housing, and put at least 15% of buildings and all suitable land on the market within 12 months of tabling the report, with defined exceptions (e.g., parks, security) (Bill s. 21–22). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key fiscal elements from the bill: - Up to CAD $100 million in extra payments to cities that greatly exceed targets (Bill s. 7(1)). - 100% GST rebate for new below‑market rental housing for three years; total revenue loss depends on uptake; includes clawbacks in some cases (Bill s. 19, (10)–(11), Repeal). - Scaling of Canada Community‑Building Fund and municipal GST rebates up or down based on completions versus target; net effect across cities unknown (Bill s. 6(1)–(2)). - Reallocation plan for CAD $1.3 billion from the Housing Accelerator Fund to offset the above payments and rebates (Bill, Report on reallocation). - Transit funds held in trust until housing conditions are met; this affects timing, not the authorized amount (Bill s. 8(1)–(2)). - Possible one‑time revenues from sales of federal buildings and land; amounts and timing unknown (Bill s. 21–22). Item | Amount | Frequency | Source ---|---:|---|--- Payments to over‑target cities | CAD $100,000,000 (cap) | Total cap (multi‑year) | Bill s. 7(1) GST rebate for new below‑market rentals | Data unavailable | 3‑year window; project‑based | Bill s. 19, Repeal Scaled CCBF/municipal GST transfers | Data unavailable (can increase or decrease) | Annual | Bill s. 6(1)–(2) Reallocation from Housing Accelerator Fund | CAD $1,300,000,000 | One‑time reallocation plan | Bill, Report on reallocation Transit funding trust mechanism | Data unavailable (timing shift) | Project‑based | Bill s. 8(1)–(2) Proceeds from federal property sales | Data unavailable | One‑time (timing set by s. 22) | Bill s. 21–22 Administration and reporting | Data unavailable | Ongoing | Bill s. 9–11, 14, 21–22 ## Proponents' View - Ties money to results. Scaling transfers by completions versus a 15%‑per‑year target pushes cities to approve more homes and reduce barriers (Bill s. 5–6). - Rewards strong performers. Up to CAD $100 million goes to municipalities that greatly exceed their share of the national target (Bill s. 7(1)). - Delivers transit‑oriented housing. Holding transit funds in trust until dense housing is built near stations aims to ensure ridership and value around federally funded projects (Bill s. 8(1)–(2)). - Cuts approval delays. A 60‑day federal decision standard, with executive pay at risk, is intended to speed federal support for new construction (National Housing Act, 60‑day standard; CMHC Act s. 9(3)–(5), s. 13(2.2)–(2.4)). - Lowers costs for affordable rentals. A 100% GST rebate for below‑market rental projects reduces project costs and is guarded by 5‑year below‑market requirements and clawbacks (Bill s. 19(1), (3), (11)). - Unlocks public land. A fast inventory and sale of at least 15% of federal buildings and all suitable land is meant to add sites for housing quickly, with environmental and security exceptions (Bill s. 21–22). ## Opponents' View - Penalizes cities for factors they do not control. Completions depend on market conditions, labour, materials, and interest rates. Only a few exceptions allow relief (national emergency, natural disaster, serious recession, war/terror) (Bill s. 6(3)). - Targets may be unrealistic. A 15% compound annual increase in completions can be hard to meet; missing it reduces key federal transfers, pressuring local budgets (Bill s. 6(2)). - Transit funding could be frozen. Requiring housing on “all available land” within prescribed zones before releasing funds may be impractical and delay projects; many details are left to regulation (Bill s. 8(2), s. 12(d)–(e)). - GST rebate is narrow and risky. The “below‑market” test depends on a regulatory benchmark; developers face a 5‑year clawback risk that could complicate financing (Bill s. 19(1)(iii.1), (11)). - Cuts to the Housing Accelerator Fund. Reallocating CAD $1.3 billion away from HAF could undermine ongoing municipal zoning and permit modernization efforts it funds (Bill, Report on reallocation). - Potential for rushed public asset sales. The 12‑month timeline to market properties could force sales at weak prices or of sites with limited housing potential; exceptions narrow what is “appropriate” (Bill s. 21–22). - Enforcement may have side effects. Tying CMHC executive pay and jobs to a 60‑day average may encourage quick denials or superficial reviews rather than sound decisions (CMHC Act s. 9(3)–(5), s. 13(2.2)–(2.4); National Housing Act 60‑day standard).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 790 · Negatived · May 29, 2024
## Summary This bill changes the Corrections and Conditional Release Act to require automatic maximum-security classification for two groups: offenders designated as “dangerous offenders” under the Criminal Code and offenders convicted of more than one first‑degree murder. It also requires those inmates to be confined in a maximum‑security penitentiary or area and confirms they are not eligible for unescorted temporary absences. Transfer powers are limited so this rule cannot be bypassed. The bill would take effect 3 months after Royal Assent. - Automatic maximum-security classification for dangerous offenders and for persons with more than one first‑degree murder conviction (Bill s.30(1.1)). - Mandatory placement in a maximum‑security penitentiary or a maximum‑security area of a penitentiary (Bill s.28(2)). - Not eligible for unescorted temporary absences while classified maximum security (Bill s.115(3)). - Transfer authority is “subject to” the new rule, limiting moves that would undercut maximum‑security confinement (Bill s.29). - In force 3 months after Royal Assent (Coming into force). ## What it means for you - Households and the public - Certain high‑risk offenders would be held only in maximum security and would not receive unescorted temporary absences (Bill s.28(2), s.115(3)). Effective 3 months after Royal Assent. - Victims and families - For applicable cases, prison placement would be fixed at maximum security by law rather than by case‑by‑case assessment (Bill s.30(1.1), s.28(2)). Effective 3 months after Royal Assent. - Unescorted temporary absences would not occur for these offenders (Bill s.115(3)). - Affected inmates (dangerous offenders; more than one first‑degree murder) - Security level: Automatically classified as maximum security, with no discretion provided in the bill to lower the classification later (Bill s.30(1.1)). - Placement: Must be confined in a maximum‑security penitentiary or area (Bill s.28(2)). - Movement: Not eligible for unescorted temporary absences (Bill s.115(3)). - Transfers: The Commissioner’s transfer power cannot be used in a way that conflicts with the mandatory maximum‑security rule (Bill s.29). - Start date: Rules apply starting 3 months after Royal Assent. - Other federal inmates (not in the two categories) - No change to how they are classified, placed, or considered for unescorted temporary absences under this bill (Bill s.30(1)). - Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) and the Parole Board of Canada (PBC) - CSC must assign maximum‑security classification to the specified groups and confine them in maximum‑security settings (Bill s.30(1.1), s.28(2)). - CSC and PBC would not process unescorted temporary absence applications for these inmates because they would be ineligible (Bill s.115(3)). - CSC transfer decisions must comply with the new mandatory classification (Bill s.29). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key points: - No fiscal note or appropriation is included in the bill. Data unavailable. - The bill creates a mandatory placement rule but does not authorize new spending or revenues. Data unavailable. - Potential impacts on CSC operating costs or capacity are not quantified in publicly released documents related to this bill. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Enhances public safety by ensuring that offenders deemed highest risk are held only in maximum security, consistent with the bill’s preamble referencing the Canadian Victims Bill of Rights (Preamble; Bill s.28(2), s.30(1.1)). - Establishes a clear, uniform national rule for two narrow offender groups, reducing inconsistent case‑by‑case outcomes (Bill s.30(1.1)). - Closes any gap by confirming ineligibility for unescorted temporary absences for these maximum‑security inmates (Bill s.115(3)). - Limits transfers that could place these offenders in lower‑security settings, reducing management discretion that could vary across institutions (Bill s.29, s.28(2)). - Provides a short implementation window so CSC can adjust operations before the rules take effect (Coming into force). ## Opponents' View - Removes individualized assessment for security placement and may conflict with the Act’s direction to provide “only the necessary restrictions,” by mandating maximum security regardless of personal risk change over time (Bill s.28(1), s.30(1.1)). - Creates a categorical rule with no path in the bill to reclassification, even if an inmate’s risk decreases, limiting incentives tied to progression through security levels (Bill s.30(1.1)). - Operational risk: Maximum‑security capacity and staffing could face pressure; the bill offers no implementation resources or flexibility. No official cost estimate is provided (Bill s.28(2); Expenses: Data unavailable). - Rehabilitation trade‑off: By making these inmates ineligible for unescorted temporary absences, the bill removes one tool the Act otherwise uses for gradual, structured community exposure (Bill s.115(3)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 745 · Negatived · May 1, 2024
## Summary This bill designates March 11 of every year as “Pandemic Observance Day” across Canada. It is a commemorative day to remember those lost to COVID-19, recognize front-line workers, and reflect on the pandemic’s effects and preparedness for future pandemics (Preamble; Pandemic Observance Day section). The bill does not create a statutory holiday or require closures. - Designates March 11 as Pandemic Observance Day nationwide (Pandemic Observance Day section). - Recognizes the WHO’s March 11, 2020 pandemic declaration and Canada’s 2021 National Day of Observance (Preamble). - No changes to paid holidays, work schedules, or school calendars appear in the text. - No appropriations, fines, or mandates are included in the bill text. ## What it means for you - Households - March 11 becomes a named national observance. Daily life continues as normal unless your employer, school, or community chooses to mark the day. The bill does not require a day off (Pandemic Observance Day section). - Workers - No new statutory holiday or premium pay. The bill does not amend labour laws or require time off (bill text). - Businesses - No requirement to close, modify hours, or provide paid leave. Participation in observances is optional (bill text). - Schools and post-secondary institutions - No mandated closures or schedule changes in the bill. Any activities would be set by provinces, territories, or institutions (bill text). - Federal, provincial, and municipal governments - The day is officially recognized nationwide. The bill does not require programs or events, but it provides a fixed date for any voluntary commemorations (Pandemic Observance Day section). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No direct spending, appropriations, or revenue changes appear in the bill text. - The bill adds a named observance only and includes no mandates that create paid leave or service changes (bill text). - Any costs for ceremonies, communications, or educational materials would be at the discretion of governments or organizations; Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Creates a clear, annual moment to commemorate losses and front-line efforts, aligning with March 11, 2020 (WHO declaration) and Canada’s 2021 National Day of Observance (Preamble). - Acknowledges unequal impacts on vulnerable and historically disadvantaged groups, which proponents argue supports ongoing equity-focused reflection (Preamble). - Establishes a simple, low-cost tool to promote public awareness and preparedness for future pandemics (Preamble; Pandemic Observance Day section). - Provides a consistent date that governments and communities can use to plan voluntary education and remembrance activities (Pandemic Observance Day section). ## Opponents' View - Symbolic only: does not fund preparedness, health services, or support for affected communities; therefore limited practical impact (bill text). - Risk of public confusion about whether March 11 is a paid holiday or requires closures, since the bill “designates” a day without changing labour laws (Pandemic Observance Day section; bill text). - Potential for diffuse, uncoordinated observances that dilute attention without measurable outcomes, since no implementation framework is included (bill text). - Opportunity cost: time and attention on a commemorative day could displace focus from policy measures with direct effects, such as surveillance, stockpiles, or workforce capacity (bill text).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 740 · Agreed To · April 17, 2024
## Summary This bill sets up a permanent, independent, Indigenous‑led not‑for‑profit called the National Council for Reconciliation. The Council will track and report on progress toward reconciliation, develop a national action plan, and educate the public. It also requires the federal government to share information, report each year on key indicators, and have the Prime Minister respond publicly. The Act takes effect on a date set by the Governor in Council (Coming into Force). - Creates an Indigenous‑led Council (not a government agency) to monitor, evaluate, and report on reconciliation (Purpose; Functions). - Requires a federal data‑sharing protocol within 6 months of incorporation; Council can seek a Federal Court order if the Minister does not comply (Protocol). - Sets annual reporting by the Minister on child welfare, education, health, safety, and justice gaps, and a Prime Minister response within 60 days (Report of Minister; Report of Council; Government response). - Directs the Council to develop a multi‑year National Action Plan, do research, advise governments, and run public education (Functions (c), (e), (f)). - Ensures the Council does not replace consultation with Indigenous rights holders and does not affect existing bilateral mechanisms (For greater certainty; Bilateral mechanisms). - Makes the Council a “qualified donee” (can issue tax receipts for donations under the Income Tax Act) and requires audited financial reporting (Qualified donee; Financial Report). ## What it means for you - Households - You will get public annual reports on the state of reconciliation and the Government of Canada’s plans to advance it (Report of Council; Government response). - You may see new public education on Indigenous histories and realities (Functions (c)(iii), (f)). - Donations to the Council will be eligible for tax receipts because it is a qualified donee (Qualified donee). - Indigenous peoples and communities - The Council is Indigenous‑led; at least 2/3 of directors must be Indigenous, with seats nominated by AFN, ITK, MNC, and NWAC, and at least 2 directors from the territories (Nominations; Indigenous persons; Residents of territories). - The Council must include diverse representation “to the extent possible,” including elders, survivors, youth, gender‑diverse persons, regions, and French‑speaking Indigenous persons (Representativeness). - Translation and interpretation services must be available to support Indigenous language rights in the Council’s work (Functions (i)). - The Council will not represent Indigenous governing bodies, and engagement with it does not discharge the duty to consult rights holders (For greater certainty). - Workers and businesses - No new legal duties are placed on private workers or businesses. The Council may encourage partnerships and dialogue on reconciliation in the private sector (Functions (g)), but participation is voluntary under this Act. - Federal government (ministries, agencies, Crown‑Indigenous Relations) - Within 6 months of incorporation, the Minister must create an information‑sharing protocol with the Council that lets it receive all information it judges relevant “to the extent possible” (Protocol). - Each year, by about September 30 (six months after March 31), the Minister must submit comparisons and progress data on child welfare, education funding, education and income outcomes, health indicators, youth custody, victimization, and overrepresentation in justice and corrections (Report of Minister (a)–(g)). - The Minister must table the Council’s annual report in Parliament; within 60 days, the Prime Minister must publish an annual report on the state of Indigenous peoples with plans for advancing reconciliation (Report of Council; Government response). - Provinces, territories, municipalities - The Council will monitor and report on reconciliation “across all levels of government,” but this Act does not impose reporting duties on provincial, territorial, or municipal governments (Functions (b); Definitions — governments). - Existing bilateral mechanisms between Canada and Indigenous governing bodies are not changed by this Act (Bilateral mechanisms). - Governance and transparency - The board has 9–13 directors; terms up to 4 years, max two terms; directors elected by special resolution of members; knowledge and experience on Indigenous matters required (Composition; Term of office; Election; Knowledge and experience). - The Council must publish audited comparative financial statements and details on its investments within 6 months after each financial year (Financial Report). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Key points - No explicit appropriation in the bill (Data unavailable). - The Council is a qualified donee under the Income Tax Act, allowing it to receive tax‑receipted donations and eligible government grants under existing authorities (Qualified donee). - Federal departments must produce and share data under an information‑sharing protocol and prepare annual indicators reports; administrative costs are not estimated (Protocol; Report of Minister). - The Council must fund an annual audit and publish financials; costs borne by the Council (Financial Report). Item | Amount | Frequency | Source --- | --- | --- | --- Direct federal appropriation to Council | Data unavailable | N/A | Bill contains no appropriation Federal departmental reporting/admin costs | Data unavailable | Annual | Report of Minister; Protocol Council operating budget (donations/grants) | Data unavailable | Annual | Qualified donee; Financial Report ## Proponents' View - Creates an independent, Indigenous‑led body to track reconciliation across society and governments, addressing Truth and Reconciliation Commission Call to Action 53 (Preamble; Purpose; Functions). - Strengthens accountability with annual reporting by the Minister on key outcome gaps and a mandatory Prime Minister response within 60 days (Report of Minister; Government response). - Establishes a multi‑year National Action Plan, with research, policy development, and public education to drive practical change (Functions (c)). - Ensures work aligns with Indigenous rights and a rights‑based approach to self‑determination (Functions (b.1)). - Protects the duty to consult by stating engagement with the Council does not replace consultation with rights holders (For greater certainty (b)). - Builds transparency through required audited financial statements and public disclosure of investment activities (Financial Report). ## Opponents' View - No dedicated funding is set in the Act; reliance on donations or future agreements may limit capacity and stability (Qualified donee; no appropriation specified). - The Minister co‑selects the first board with the transitional committee, which could raise concerns about perceived independence at start‑up (First board of directors). - The Council’s powers are advisory and reporting‑based; the Prime Minister must respond with a report, but there is no obligation to implement recommendations (Report of Council; Government response). - The information‑sharing protocol requires “to the extent possible” access; its scope is undefined in the Act, which may lead to delays or disputes over data (Protocol (1)–(3)). - The Council must monitor progress “across all levels of government,” but the Act imposes no reporting duties on provinces or municipalities, which may create data gaps (Functions (b); Definitions — governments).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 741 · Agreed To · April 29, 2024
## Summary This bill lets every Member of Parliament and every Senator choose which oath to take before they take their seat. They may take the traditional Oath of Allegiance, a new Oath of Office, or both. The bill adds the Oath of Office text to the Constitution Act, 1867 and states that this Act forms part of the Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982 (Bill, s. 128(2); Fifth Schedule; Interpretation). - Lets MPs and Senators take an Oath of Office instead of the Oath of Allegiance, or take both (Bill, s. 128(2)). - Adds a new Oath of Office: “I, A.B., do swear that I will carry out my duties in the best interest of Canada while upholding its Constitution.” (Bill, Fifth Schedule). - Keeps the oath requirement “before taking their seat,” but makes the allegiance oath optional (Bill, s. 128(2)). - Applies only to the federal Senate and House of Commons; it does not change provincial or territorial oaths (Bill text). - Becomes law on Royal Assent; the bill sets no later start date (Bill text). - Does not authorize new spending or change revenues (Bill text). ## What it means for you - Households and voters - No direct change to services, taxes, or benefits. This is about the oaths taken by federal MPs and Senators (Bill text). - Members of Parliament and Senators - You may choose to swear only the Oath of Office, only the Oath of Allegiance, or both, before taking your seat (Bill, s. 128(2)). - The Oath of Office states you will act in the best interest of Canada and uphold the Constitution (Bill, Fifth Schedule). - Timing remains the same: you must take the chosen oath before sitting or voting (Bill, s. 128(2)). - Parliament administration - Update swearing-in scripts, forms, records, and guidance to offer both oath options (Bill, s. 128(2); Fifth Schedule). - Provinces and territories - No change to provincial or territorial legislature oaths. This bill amends federal constitutional provisions for Parliament only (Bill text). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note identified. Data unavailable. - The bill includes no appropriations and no revenue changes (Bill text). - Any administrative costs to update forms and ceremonies are not stated. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Expands choice while keeping tradition: Members can still swear allegiance, but those who prefer may take an office-focused oath instead (Bill, s. 128(2)). - Focuses on duty to Canada and the Constitution, which applies equally to all members regardless of personal views on the Crown (Bill, Fifth Schedule). - Minimal operational impact: The oath remains a pre-seat requirement; only the content options change (Bill, s. 128(2)). - No spending or tax impacts; implementation is limited to procedures for administering oaths (Bill text). - The Act is expressly deemed part of the Constitution, clarifying its constitutional status (Bill, Interpretation). ## Opponents' View - Constitutional risk: Some may argue that changing an oath tied to the Crown affects “the office of the Queen/King,” which could require unanimous provincial consent under the amending formula (Constitution Act, 1982, s. 41(a)). Assumption: Courts have not ruled on whether this specific change engages s. 41. - Litigation and uncertainty: If courts later reject the change, the status of members sworn only by the new oath, and the validity of their votes, could be challenged. Assumption: Depends on future court outcomes; not determined by the bill. - Symbolic consequences: Making allegiance optional may be seen as reducing the Crown’s role in Parliament, which could face political resistance. Assumption: Impact is symbolic and not measured in the bill. - Clarity of enforcement: The Oath of Office uses broad terms (“best interest of Canada,” “upholding its Constitution”) without new enforcement mechanisms beyond existing oath procedures (Bill, Fifth Schedule).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 685 · Negatived · April 10, 2024
## Summary This bill, Appropriation Act No. 4, 2024–25, authorizes CAD $21,632,370,126 for federal departments, agencies, and Crown corporations for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025, based on Supplementary Estimates (B), 2024–25 (Preamble; Schedules 1–2). It allows payments from the Consolidated Revenue Fund and sets timing rules for when amounts can be charged and when they lapse. All items take effect as of April 1, 2024 (Effective date (2)). - Funds cover operating, capital, and grants/contributions across many entities, including Indigenous Services, National Defence, Veterans Affairs, Immigration, Public Safety, and VIA Rail (Schedule 1). - A small set of items can be spent through March 31, 2026, then lapse if unused (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Some votes authorize the government to purchase capital in international financial institutions in USD and EUR within set limits (Department of Finance L10b, L15b). - No tax changes are included in the bill text. - Transfers of appropriations in the Estimates are deemed authorized as of April 1, 2024 (Transfers of appropriations). ## What it means for you - Households and service users - Continued funding for health programs and contributions through Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada in 2024–25 (Health: $428,333,736; PHAC: $81,425,890) (Schedule 1). - Housing-related support via Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation reimbursements and the Department of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities (CMHC: $742,513,960; Housing Dept.: $201,367,503) (Schedule 1). - Immigration and settlement services funded through Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada contributions and operations ($1,222,173,237) (Schedule 1). - Veterans’ programs and benefits funded through Veterans Affairs ($952,695,590) (Schedule 1). - Passenger rail and ferry services supported via VIA Rail and Marine Atlantic (VIA Rail: $825,740,402; Marine Atlantic: $35,962,795) (Schedule 1). - Indigenous peoples and communities - Large funding for services, infrastructure, and contributions via Indigenous Services Canada ($4,463,320,533) and Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs ($1,385,445,915) in 2024–25 (Schedule 1). - Travelers and commuters - Ongoing support for VIA Rail and Marine Atlantic operations, capital, and services (VIA Rail: $825,740,402; Marine Atlantic: $35,962,795) (Schedule 1). - Funding for the Windsor‑Detroit Bridge Authority ($256,365,548) (Schedule 1). - Border services and enforcement receive additional funds, some available through March 31, 2026 (CBSA: $33,939,607) (Schedule 2). - Businesses and non‑profits - Regional development agencies receive operating and contribution funding (e.g., ACOA: $7,634,421; PacifiCan: $17,060,873; FedDev Ontario: $27,283,207; FedNor: $10,220,032; Western Economic Diversification: $32,139,242; Quebec Economic Development: $18,381,948) (Schedule 1). - Departments with industry programs receive contributions (e.g., Industry/Innovation, Science and Economic Development: $251,692,966) (Schedule 1). - Local and provincial governments - Departments have authority to make contributions toward construction and other works involving provinces and municipalities (e.g., Fisheries and Oceans capital; Environment capital; Transport capital) (Schedule 1). - Federal employees and contractors - Central votes fund compensation adjustments and public service insurance ($970,804,972 and $643,626,442) (Treasury Board Secretariat Votes 15b and 20b) (Schedule 1). - Departments can charge some adjustments after year‑end when no cash payment is needed, to finalize accounts (Adjustments in accounts of Canada; Schedules 1–2). - Select items can be spent into 2025–26 and must be charged in order against the earliest appropriation (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: CAD $21,632,370,126 in FY2024–25 (Schedules 1–2). - Total voted amounts: $21,353,050,122 (Schedule 1) and $279,320,004 (Schedule 2), together $21,632,370,126. - Effective date for all items: April 1, 2024 (Effective date (2)). - Select Schedule 2 items may be spent until March 31, 2026; remaining balances then lapse (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). Item | Amount | Frequency | Source --- | ---:| --- | --- Indigenous Services Canada (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b) | $4,463,320,533 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 National Defence (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b) | $3,300,480,093 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs (Votes 1b, 10b) | $1,385,445,915 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Treasury Board Secretariat (central votes incl. compensation and insurance) | $1,654,545,508 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b) | $1,222,173,237 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Public Works and Government Services (Votes 1b, 5b) | $841,144,336 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness (Votes 1b, 5b) | $889,922,026 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 VIA Rail Canada Inc. (Vote 1b) | $825,740,402 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (Vote 1b) | $742,513,960 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Royal Canadian Mounted Police (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b, 15b) | $555,105,071 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Fisheries and Oceans (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b) | $531,141,438 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Health Canada (Votes 1b, 5b, 10b) | $428,333,736 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Canadian Space Agency (Votes 1b, 5b) | $258,708,060 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Windsor‑Detroit Bridge Authority (Vote 1b) | $256,365,548 | FY2024–25 | Schedule 1 Canada Revenue Agency (Vote 1b) | $245,380,397 | FY2024–26 (Schedule 2) | Schedule 2 Canada Border Services Agency (Votes 1b, 5b) | $33,939,607 | FY2024–26 (Schedule 2) | Schedule 2 Other authorities: - Department of Finance: authority to purchase shares in the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development up to EUR €137,150,000 over 2025–26 to 2029–30 (L10b) and to purchase hybrid capital in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development up to USD $200,000,000 in 2024–25 (L15b) (Schedule 1). - Many votes include authority to “expend revenues to offset expenditures” under the Financial Administration Act; net impact by department: Data unavailable (various votes, Schedule 1–2). ## Proponents' View - Ensures core services and transfers continue through March 31, 2025, across health, housing, immigration, transport, public safety, and Indigenous services, with specific voted amounts in Schedule 1 (Schedule 1). - Targets urgent operational and capital needs, such as National Defence capital ($1,747,202,986) and Public Works capital ($619,865,441), reducing risks to readiness and federal assets (Schedule 1). - Supports mobility and trade by funding VIA Rail ($825,740,402), Marine Atlantic ($35,962,795), and the Windsor‑Detroit Bridge Authority ($256,365,548) (Schedule 1). - Provides major support for Indigenous communities through Indigenous Services ($4,463,320,533) and Crown‑Indigenous Relations ($1,385,445,915) to deliver programs and contributions (Schedule 1). - Includes central funding to honor collective agreements and employee benefits, improving workforce stability (TBS Compensation Adjustments: $970,804,972; Public Service Insurance: $643,626,442) (Schedule 1). - Allows certain items to be spent into 2025–26 (CBSA; CRA), adding flexibility to finish projects and avoid lapses (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). ## Opponents' View - The bill bundles many large sums under generic “grants and contributions” without project‑level detail, limiting transparency for Parliament and the public (numerous “The grants listed in any of the Estimates” items, Schedule 1). - Multi‑year charging and order‑of‑payment rules for Schedule 2 can defer spending and accountability into the next year, making tracking harder (Schedule 2; Order of payment (2)). - Significant capital votes risk lapses or delays if procurement or delivery slips (e.g., National Defence capital $1,747,202,986; Public Works capital $619,865,441; Canadian Space Agency capital $244,474,720) (Schedule 1). - Central votes concentrate funds at the Treasury Board Secretariat ($1,654,545,508), which may reduce line‑by‑line scrutiny compared to department‑specific appropriations (Schedule 1). - Authorities to purchase capital in international financial institutions commit sizable foreign‑currency sums (EUR €137,150,000; USD $200,000,000) with limited detail in the bill on expected returns or timing (Department of Finance L10b, L15b; Schedule 1). - Many votes permit departments to “expend revenues to offset expenditures,” which can obscure net program costs without detailed reporting; net offsets by entity are not stated here (various votes, Schedule 1–2).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 923 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
Division 922 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
Division 921 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
## Summary This bill changes the Canada Labour Code to extend how long former employees have to file a workplace harassment and violence complaint. It also keeps certain employer duties in place for a period after a worker leaves. The changes apply only to federally regulated workplaces. - Former employees can file a complaint up to the later of 2 years after leaving the job or 2 years after the harassment/violence resolution process ends, if a notice was filed under federal regulations (Canada Labour Code s.127.1(12.1)). - Employers must meet specified duties toward former employees for incidents that become known to the employer within 2 years after the worker leaves, unless regulations say otherwise (s.125(4)). - The complaint process applies to former employees as if they were current employees, to resolve the complaint (s.127.1(12)). - The bill covers only harassment and violence occurrences, not other types of labour complaints. - Applies to federally regulated sectors (e.g., banks, interprovincial transport, telecom, federal public service). ## What it means for you - Households - No direct effect unless a family member works in a federally regulated workplace and is dealing with a harassment or violence issue. The time to file a complaint after leaving that job is extended (s.127.1(12.1)). - Workers (current and former) in federally regulated workplaces - If you leave your job, you can file a harassment/violence complaint for up to 2 years after leaving (s.127.1(12.1)(a)). - If a notice of the occurrence was given under the Work Place Harassment and Violence Prevention Regulations and a resolution process ran its course, you can file a complaint up to 2 years after that process ends, even if this is later than 2 years after you left (s.127.1(12.1)(b)). - When you file as a former employee, the Code’s internal complaint process applies to you and the employer as if you were still employed, until the matter is resolved (s.127.1(12)). - The change does not affect other complaints (e.g., pay, hours). It is limited to harassment and violence. - Employers (federally regulated) - You must carry out specified duties related to harassment and violence for former employees if the occurrence becomes known to you within 2 years after the person left, unless regulations state an exception (s.125(4)). - You may need to adjust policies, training, and record-keeping to manage complaints from former employees within these timelines. Data on costs: Data unavailable. - The complaint system will treat former employees as current employees for process steps needed to finish the case (s.127.1(12)). - Unions and health and safety representatives - You may see more cases involving former members within the extended complaint window. Prepare to support cases that continue after a worker leaves (s.127.1(12), s.127.1(12.1)). - Regulators (Labour Program, federal) - Potential for more or longer-running files involving former employees due to the extended timelines. Resource impact: Data unavailable. ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - The bill includes no direct appropriations or new fees. It changes complaint timelines and employer duties (Bill text). - Potential employer compliance costs to investigate and respond to former-employee complaints: Data unavailable. - Potential administrative impact on the federal Labour Program and related oversight: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Supports survivors who may delay reporting due to trauma or fear by extending filing time to the later of 2 years after leaving or 2 years after the resolution process ends when a notice was filed (s.127.1(12.1)). - Improves accountability by keeping employer duties for incidents that become known within 2 years after a worker leaves, subject to regulations (s.125(4)). - Clarifies that former employees can use the internal complaint process “as if” they were employees, reducing uncertainty about access to remedies after leaving (s.127.1(12)). - Aligns complaint timing with the federal harassment and violence regulations by linking to the formal resolution process when a notice under those regulations exists (s.127.1(12.1)). - Keeps the change targeted to harassment and violence, avoiding broader and costlier expansions of labour complaint timelines (Bill text). ## Opponents' View - Could increase employer burden and costs by requiring investigations after staff leave, with a longer window and potentially stale evidence, which may hinder fair resolution (s.125(4); s.127.1(12.1)). - The 2-year employer-duty limit tied to when the incident becomes known may not always match the extended complaint window tied to the end of the resolution process, creating procedural complexity (s.125(4); s.127.1(12.1)). - May strain regulatory resources by extending timelines and increasing case volume involving former employees; no funding is provided to manage added workload (Bill text; Data unavailable). - Overlap with other avenues (e.g., human rights complaints or civil claims) could create confusion about forums and deadlines; the bill does not address coordination among systems (Bill text).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 861 · Agreed To · September 25, 2024
## Summary This bill amends the Parliament of Canada Act to change how Members of Parliament (MPs) and Senators apply for a Secret security clearance. It deems that an MP or Senator who applies for a Secret clearance has a “need to know” for the purpose of having their application considered, while keeping all other screening steps in place (Bill, subs. (1); Preamble). It does not grant automatic access to any specific documents and does not limit parliamentary privileges (Bill, subs. (2)). - Deems “need to know” for MPs and Senators at the application stage for Secret clearances only (Bill, subs. (1)). - Keeps the normal personnel security screening; clearance can still be denied (Preamble). - Does not require departments to disclose classified information after a clearance is issued (Bill, subs. (1)). - Leaves parliamentary powers and privileges unchanged (Bill, subs. (2)). - Addresses a stated gap that there is no standard way for MPs to request and obtain classified information (Preamble). ## What it means for you - Households: - No direct change to taxes, benefits, or public services. This bill affects internal government processes. - Members of Parliament and Senators: - You can apply for a Secret security clearance without first proving “need to know” to start the process. The bill deems that need for the application review (Bill, subs. (1)). - You must still pass the Government of Canada personnel security screening. Clearance is not automatic (Preamble). - The bill does not guarantee access to any specific document. The deeming applies only to considering your application, not to later disclosure decisions (Bill, subs. (1)). - In force on Royal Assent; no delayed effective date is stated in the bill text. - Federal departments and security agencies: - You must treat MPs’ and Senators’ Secret-clearance applications as meeting “need to know” for application consideration (Bill, subs. (1)). - You continue to apply standard personnel security screening and can deny or grant based on results (Preamble). - The bill does not set new rules for classified document handling or disclosure to cleared MPs/Senators. Existing laws and policies continue to apply. The bill adds a clarification that it does not limit parliamentary privileges (Bill, subs. (2)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Fiscal note: Data unavailable. - Explicit appropriations in bill text: None. - New mandate: Consider MPs’ and Senators’ Secret-clearance applications with “need to know” deemed for the application stage (Bill, subs. (1)). - Expected number of new applications, per-application screening cost, and total workload impact: Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Enhances parliamentary oversight by letting MPs and Senators get considered for Secret clearances without a “need to know” barrier at the outset, supporting accountability on national security decisions (Preamble; Bill, subs. (1)). - Maintains security safeguards because applicants still must pass personnel security screening before any clearance is granted (Preamble). - Addresses a process gap: there is no standardized method for MPs to request and obtain access to classified information; this creates a clearer path via clearance (Preamble). - Narrow scope reduces risk: applies only to Secret level, not Top Secret or special-access programs (Bill, subs. (1)). - Preserves parliamentary privileges and immunities, avoiding unintended limits on Parliament’s powers (Bill, subs. (2)). ## Opponents' View - Erodes the “need to know” control at the application stage, potentially expanding the pool of cleared individuals beyond what is operationally necessary (Bill, subs. (1)). Assumes more clearances increase exposure risk. - Creates implementation and resource strain: more applications would increase screening workload, but the bill provides no funding or staffing plan. Volume and costs are unspecified (No appropriation in bill text; Data unavailable). - Leaves key gaps: it does not set rules for how cleared MPs/Senators will access, store, or discuss classified information; departments must rely on existing, possibly uneven, practices (Bill is silent on handling and disclosure). - Ambiguity risk: the phrase “the information in respect of which the application is made” is not defined, which could lead to disputes over the scope of what “need to know” is deemed for at the application stage (Bill, subs. (1)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 800 · Agreed To · June 5, 2024
## Summary This bill creates a new Criminal Code offence for “coercive control of an intimate partner.” It targets a pattern of conduct that makes a partner believe their safety is threatened, including psychological safety. It updates related laws on bail, courtroom procedures, DNA orders, sex‑offender registration, firearms licensing, and tax/excise information sharing. - Defines coercive control as a pattern that can include violence or threats, sexual coercion, controlling a partner’s movements, money, health care, beliefs, work or school, and threats of self‑harm (Criminal Code s. 264.01(2)). - Sets intent or recklessness standards and recognizes psychological safety (s. 264.01(1), (5)). - Creates a hybrid offence with a maximum of 10 years in prison on indictment (s. 264.01(4)). - Limits self‑represented accused from personally cross‑examining the victim; counsel is appointed (s. 486.3(2)). - Adds the offence to bail provisions for weapons prohibitions, DNA order eligibility, and sex‑offender registration eligibility (ss. 515(4.1), 487.04(c)(v.1), 490.011(1)(a)(ix.1)). - Updates firearms licensing criteria and allows tax and excise authorities to share information for investigations of this offence (Firearms Act s. 5(2)(a)(iii); Income Tax Act s. 241(9.5)(a)(i)(D); Excise statutes). ## What it means for you - Households and intimate partners - Certain ongoing controlling behaviours in a relationship can be charged as a crime if they form a pattern that could reasonably cause fear for safety, including psychological safety (Criminal Code s. 264.01(2), (5)). Takes effect on a date set by the Governor in Council (Coming into Force). - Covered acts include threats or use of violence against the partner, their child or someone they know, harm to a pet, sexual coercion, monitoring or limiting movements or social life (including by phone or online), controlling money, work, school, health care or medication, pressuring appearance or gender expression, restricting beliefs or language, and threatening suicide or self‑harm (s. 264.01(2)(a)–(c)). - Victims and witnesses - In these cases, a self‑represented accused cannot personally cross‑examine you unless the judge finds it necessary for justice; if barred, the court appoints counsel to conduct the cross‑examination (s. 486.3(2)). - Psychological safety is expressly protected, not only physical safety (s. 264.01(5)). - Accused persons and defendants - The offence is hybrid: prosecutors may proceed summarily or by indictment; the maximum penalty on indictment is up to 10 years (s. 264.01(4)). - Courts may order you to provide a DNA sample upon conviction because the offence is a “secondary designated offence” (s. 487.04(c)(v.1), with orders governed by s. 487.051). - You may be ordered to register under the Sex Offender Information Registration Act if statutory criteria are met, because the offence is listed as a “secondary offence” (s. 490.011(1)(a)(ix.1), with orders under s. 490.012). - On release, courts must consider adding a condition prohibiting possession of firearms and related items; if the court finds it desirable for safety, it must impose the condition (s. 515(4.1) as amended; s. 515(4.3)(b)). - Gun owners and applicants - Firearms licensing officials must consider a conviction for this new offence when assessing eligibility, which can lead to refusal or revocation (Firearms Act s. 5(2)(a)(iii) as amended). - Bail conditions for this offence can include weapons prohibitions if needed for safety (Criminal Code s. 515(4.1)). - Military members - In military proceedings for the equivalent offence under s. 130, a self‑represented accused may not personally cross‑examine the victim; appointed defence counsel will do so (National Defence Act s. 183.3(2)). - Taxpayers and businesses - Tax and excise authorities may share otherwise confidential information for investigations or proceedings involving this offence, consistent with existing rules for listed serious crimes (Income Tax Act s. 241(9.5)(a)(i)(D); Excise Tax Act s. 295(5.04)(a)(i)(D); Excise Act, 2001 s. 211(6.4)(a)(i)(D)). - Police, prosecutors, and courts - The offence requires proof of a “pattern of conduct” and either intent to cause fear for safety or recklessness about causing that fear (Criminal Code s. 264.01(1)–(2)). - Courts must consider relationship context and vulnerability when assessing the conduct (s. 264.01(3)). - Timing - The law takes effect on a date fixed by Order in Council; no start date is specified in the bill (Coming into Force). ## Expenses - Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - No fiscal note or appropriation is included in the bill text. It creates a new criminal offence and related procedural changes but does not authorize new spending (Bill, Criminal Code amendments; Consequential Amendments). - Potential impacts on policing, courts, legal aid, and corrections are not quantified in public documents. Data unavailable. ## Proponents' View - Fills a gap by criminalizing a sustained pattern of coercive control, not only isolated acts, allowing earlier intervention before physical harm occurs (Criminal Code s. 264.01(2), (3), (5)). Assumes earlier intervention will reduce harm; supporting data not provided in the bill. - Provides clearer guidance by listing common controlling behaviours, including financial control, surveillance, and threats of self‑harm (s. 264.01(2)(c)). Assumes lists will improve charging consistency. - Recognizes psychological safety explicitly, aligning the law with modern understanding of abuse (s. 264.01(5)). - Enhances victim protections by limiting personal cross‑examination by the accused and appointing counsel instead (s. 486.3(2)). - Strengthens public safety tools: eligibility for DNA orders and sex‑offender registration may help investigations and monitoring of high‑risk offenders (ss. 487.04(c)(v.1); 490.011(1)(a)(ix.1)). Assumes these tools improve outcomes; quantitative impact not provided. - Improves safety at release by requiring courts to consider, and where warranted impose, weapons prohibitions on bail (s. 515(4.1)). ## Opponents' View - Risk of vagueness and overbreadth: the offence covers “any other conduct” that could reasonably be expected to cause fear for safety, including psychological safety, which may be subjective and vary by context (Criminal Code s. 264.01(2)(c), (5)). Could lead to inconsistent application. - Overlap with existing offences (e.g., assault, sexual assault, criminal harassment) may duplicate tools rather than create new ones, increasing complexity and potential for “charge stacking” (ss. 264, 271–273; new s. 264.01). - Proof challenges: establishing a “pattern of conduct,” intent or recklessness, and the “reasonable” expectation of fear may be difficult, potentially leading to low conviction rates or prolonged cases (s. 264.01(1)–(2)). - Resource strain: new offence could increase investigations, prosecutions, and need for appointed cross‑examination counsel, with budget impacts not assessed in the bill. Data unavailable. - Privacy and collateral effects: adding the offence to tax and excise information‑sharing lists expands when confidential taxpayer information can be disclosed (Income Tax Act s. 241(9.5)(a)(i)(D); Excise statutes). Assumes disclosure risks outweigh public safety benefits; no quantified evidence in the bill. - Firearms and registry consequences: listing the offence for firearms licensing consideration and for DNA/SOIRA eligibility may impose significant collateral penalties after conviction; critics may question proportionality for non‑physical conduct cases (Firearms Act s. 5(2)(a)(iii); Criminal Code ss. 487.04(c)(v.1), 490.011(1)(a)(ix.1)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 813 · Agreed To · June 12, 2024
## Summary This bill directs the federal government to create a national strategy to improve how Canada forecasts floods and droughts. The goal is to give provinces, cities, Indigenous communities, farmers, insurers, and others better, earlier information so they can prepare and reduce damage. It sets who must be consulted, what the plan must cover, and when reports must be shared with Parliament and the public. - Orders the Minister of the Environment, working with four other federal ministers, to develop the strategy. - Requires consultations with provinces, municipalities, Indigenous governing bodies, universities, civil society groups, and industry, including insurers. - Calls for assessments of the need for national coordination, new investments, and new technologies in forecasting. - Looks at modeling to identify properties and infrastructure at flood risk and to improve floodplain maps. - Calls for a proposal to build a shared national water-forecasting service with provinces, based on the existing National Hydrological Service. - Requires the strategy to be tabled in Parliament within two years and posted online; after five years, the government must report on how well the strategy worked. ## What it means for you - Residents and homeowners - No immediate changes. If the strategy leads to better maps and alerts, you may get clearer risk information before storms or spring melts. - More precise risk data could help with home planning and preparedness. It could also influence insurance availability and pricing over time. - Farmers and rural communities - Better drought and flood forecasts could help plan planting, irrigation, and herd management. - Earlier warnings may reduce crop losses and help protect equipment and roads. - Local governments and emergency managers - A national system could offer shared tools, data, and models to plan evacuations, protect infrastructure, and guide zoning. - Clearer floodplain maps could support decisions on building and repairs. - Indigenous communities - Required consultations give a voice in shaping the strategy and data needs. - Improved local forecasts can support community safety, land-use planning, and cultural practices tied to water. - Insurers and businesses - More consistent risk information can improve underwriting, pricing, and business continuity planning. - Industries that depend on water (energy, mining, transport) may get better short- and long-term outlooks. - Researchers and universities - The strategy may draw on Canadian models and expertise, helping translate research into public tools and services. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Canada faces more severe floods and droughts; better forecasts can save lives, homes, farms, and public infrastructure. - Provinces now forecast on their own. A national approach can reduce gaps, share data, and avoid duplication. - Canada already has strong university models and technical know-how; a strategy would put these to work at scale. - Farmers, towns, and Indigenous communities would get earlier warnings and clearer maps to prepare. - Insurers and businesses would have more reliable risk data, which can stabilize coverage and guide investments. - Public reporting timelines add accountability and keep the plan focused on results. ## Opponents' View - Water management is often a provincial role; a federal strategy could overlap with or duplicate provincial systems. - Building advanced models and computing capacity could be expensive, with unclear ongoing costs. - Property-level risk mapping may raise insurance premiums or affect home values in high-risk areas. - A two-year window to produce the strategy means benefits may take time to show, while urgent needs persist. - A national system might overlook local knowledge or unique regional conditions if not designed carefully.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 52 · Agreed To · December 3, 2025
## Summary This bill amends Canada’s Criminal Code to create specific offences for intimate partner violence, raise some penalties, and change procedures for arrest, bail, and seized property. It also classifies all murders of an intimate partner as first-degree murder. - Creates intimate partner–specific offences for criminal harassment, uttering threats, assault, assault with a weapon/causing bodily harm (including choking), and aggravated assault, with higher maximum penalties than general offences (added after ss. 264, 264.1, 266, 267, 268). - Makes murder of an intimate partner first-degree murder, regardless of planning or deliberation (s. 231(3.1)). - Bars police from releasing a person arrested for an intimate partner offence if they have a prior intimate partner conviction within 5 years or are already on release for an intimate partner offence (added after s. 499). - Lets courts order up to 7 days of custody for a risk-of-reoffending assessment at any stage of proceedings (added after s. 523). - Extends default detention of seized property from 3 months to 1 year, allows extensions up to 2 years, requires notice of the right to challenge, and allows some hearings without notice and in private (s. 490(2)-(3.3)). ## What it means for you - Households and intimate partners - More charges tailored to intimate partner violence, with higher maximum prison terms, including up to 10 years for criminal harassment and assault, 12 years for assault with a weapon/causing bodily harm, and 14 years for aggravated assault (added after ss. 264, 266, 267, 268). - All murders of an intimate partner treated as first-degree murder, which carries life imprisonment with 25 years before parole eligibility under existing law (s. 231(3.1)). - Judges may order a 7-day custody assessment to evaluate reoffending risk when deciding bail and conditions (added after s. 523). - Accused persons in intimate partner cases - New intimate partner–specific charges with higher maximum penalties than general offences (added after ss. 264, 264.1, 266, 267, 268). - Police cannot release you after arrest if you had an intimate partner conviction in the past 5 years or were already on release for an intimate partner offence; you must appear before a justice for a bail decision (added after s. 499). - You may be detained up to 7 days for a risk-of-reoffending assessment at any stage, on a judge’s motion, or on request by the prosecutor or the alleged victim (added after s. 523). - Police and prosecutors - Must hold certain suspects for a bail hearing in intimate partner cases with recent prior convictions or current release status (added after s. 499). - Must give notice within 30 days to the owner of seized property about the right to challenge detention (s. 490(3.2)). - May seek to extend detention of seized items up to 2 years and, if notice would jeopardize an investigation, may proceed without notice and in camera (s. 490(2)-(3.3)). - Courts - Will handle more bail hearings in intimate partner cases due to limits on police release (added after s. 499). - May order risk-of-reoffending assessments with up to 7 days of custody and must bring the accused back “as soon as practicable” after completion (added after s. 523). - Will process longer default detention and extension orders for seized property and may proceed without notice and in private where justified (s. 490(2)-(3.3)). - People whose property is seized - Default detention of seized items increases from 3 months to 1 year; total extensions may reach 2 years, subject to court orders (s. 490(2)-(3)). - You should receive notice within 30 days about your right to challenge, but notice can be skipped if it would jeopardize an investigation; a judge can then hear the matter without you and in private (s. 490(3.2)-(3.3)). ## Expenses Estimated net cost: Data unavailable. - Data unavailable. - The bill contains no explicit appropriations or fees. - Procedural changes could affect costs: - Added 7-day risk-of-reoffending assessments may increase custody days and assessment workload (added after s. 523). - Limits on police release may increase bail hearings and short-term detention (added after s. 499). - Higher maximum penalties could affect sentence lengths, but the bill sets maximums, not mandatory minimums (added after ss. 264, 264.1, 266, 267, 268). - Longer detention of seized property may increase storage and handling periods (s. 490(2)-(3)). ## Proponents' View - Strengthens accountability for intimate partner violence by creating tailored offences with higher maximum penalties, signaling greater seriousness (added after ss. 264, 264.1, 266, 267, 268). - Ensures the most serious penalty framework for intimate partner murder by classifying it as first-degree in all cases (s. 231(3.1)). - Enhances victim safety by preventing police release of higher-risk accused (recent conviction or already on release), ensuring a prompt judicial bail review (added after s. 499). - Improves bail decisions through evidence-based risk-of-reoffending assessments, available at any stage and on request by the prosecutor or the intimate partner (added after s. 523). - Supports effective investigations by allowing seized property to be held longer when needed, while preserving owners’ rights through a 30-day notice of the right to challenge (s. 490(2)-(3.2)). ## Opponents' View - Duplicates existing offences (criminal harassment, uttering threats, assault) and mainly raises maximum penalties, which may add complexity without clear impact on sentencing outcomes (compare existing ss. 264–268 with new intimate partner–specific provisions added after those sections). - Classifying all intimate partner murders as first-degree removes case-by-case assessment of planning and deliberation and guarantees 25-year parole ineligibility, even where facts might otherwise support second-degree (s. 231(3.1)). - Mandatory hold for some accused after arrest could increase pre-trial detention and court workload for bail hearings without a demonstrated safety benefit in all cases (added after s. 499). - Up to 7 days of detention for risk assessments at any stage may extend custody for people not yet convicted and strain assessment capacity, potentially delaying proceedings (added after s. 523). - Extending default detention of seized property to 1 year (and up to 2 years total) and allowing ex parte, in camera hearings can reduce transparency and delay property return, even to lawful owners (s. 490(2)-(3.3)).
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 51 · Agreed To · December 3, 2025
## Summary This bill aims to lower everyday costs for Canadians. It cuts the lowest federal income tax rate, adds a large temporary GST/HST rebate for first-time buyers of new homes, ends the federal fuel charge (carbon tax on fuels), and sets national privacy rules for federal political parties. - Lowers the federal tax rate on the first bracket to 14.5% in 2025 and 14% from 2026 onward. - Creates a temporary, extra GST/HST new‑housing rebate for first‑time home buyers, worth up to $50,000, with price caps and timelines. - Repeals Part 1 of the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act (the federal fuel charge on gasoline, home heating fuel, etc.) and related regulations, starting in 2025, on a set schedule. - Keeps industrial carbon pricing (for large emitters) in place; the repeal targets the fuel charge only. - Requires federal political parties to have and follow a public, plain‑language privacy policy, with a named privacy officer, and creates a national, exclusive privacy regime for parties that overrides provincial privacy laws. - Requires the Finance Minister to publish a report on how the low‑rate tax cut affects tax credits. ## What it means for you - Workers and other taxpayers - You will pay a lower federal tax rate on the first slice of your taxable income starting in 2025, with a further drop in 2026. This means slightly more take‑home pay for most people. - First‑time home buyers (new construction) - If you buy a newly built home or condo and are a first‑time buyer, you can get an extra GST/HST rebate up to $50,000. - Full amounts apply up to about $1,000,000 (building‑only/co‑op variants use slightly different caps); the rebate phases out and ends near $1,500,000. Caps are a bit higher in HST provinces. - You must be 18+, a Canadian citizen or permanent resident, and plan to live in the home as your main residence. - You and your spouse/common‑law partner must both meet the first‑time buyer test (neither owned and lived in a home during the past four years). - Applies to agreements signed after March 19, 2025 and before 2031. Construction must start before 2031 and be substantially finished before 2036. Transfer of ownership (or possession, depending on the case) must happen before 2036. - Only one person in a couple can claim this rebate. You cannot claim it twice as a couple. - Also covers co‑op housing shares, “building‑only” purchases, and owner‑built homes under set rules. - Drivers, households, and small businesses that buy fuel - The federal fuel charge (carbon tax on fuels) will be repealed, starting April 2025 with further dates later in 2025 and 2035 for some pieces. - If your province was under the federal fuel charge, you may see lower prices for gasoline, diesel, propane, and natural gas once repeal takes effect. Provinces could have their own policies. - The bill does not address existing household carbon rebates. - Voters and party volunteers - Federal political parties must publish and follow a privacy policy in plain language and name a privacy officer. - Parties and those acting for them must follow the party’s policy, but they are not required to follow provincial or territorial privacy laws for these activities. - The law states Canadians do not have a right to access or correct personal information held by parties under provincial rules. Any handling of your data is governed by the party’s own policy and federal election law. - Elections Canada must hold at least one meeting each year on protecting personal information by parties. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Taxes on low and middle incomes go down, leaving more money in people’s pockets. - A big, time‑limited rebate helps first‑time buyers bridge the gap to new home ownership and supports new housing construction. - Ending the federal fuel charge lowers costs for driving, home heating, and shipping, easing pressure on family budgets. - A single, national privacy framework for political parties provides clarity and consistency and reduces red tape from different provincial rules. - Strong anti‑avoidance rules stop people from gaming the housing rebate. ## Opponents' View - Cutting the tax rate and adding a large rebate reduces federal revenues and could increase the deficit or pressure public services. - The new‑home rebate may boost demand and push prices higher, and it mainly helps buyers of new — often higher‑priced — homes, not resale buyers or renters. - Repealing the fuel charge weakens climate policy and may increase emissions by removing the price signal to pollute; households could also lose offsetting carbon rebate payments, though the bill does not say. - The privacy changes shield political parties from stricter provincial privacy laws and give Canadians no right to access or correct party‑held data, relying instead on each party’s own policy.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 8 · Agreed To · June 12, 2025
## Summary This is a routine federal “supply” bill. It gives the Government of Canada permission to spend up to about $149.8 billion on departments, agencies, and Crown corporations for the fiscal year that ends March 31, 2026. It covers the parts of government spending that require an annual vote by Parliament. Key points: - Sets an overall spending limit of about $149.8 billion, effective April 1, 2025. - Lists funding for most departments and agencies (health, housing, defence, veterans, Indigenous services, transport, and more). - Gives two big revenue agencies (Canada Revenue Agency and Canada Border Services Agency) funding that can be used over two years (to March 31, 2027). - Cleans the books for old student debts by writing off about $197 million in uncollectable student and apprentice loans. - Includes central funds for emergencies and routine adjustments (for example, a $1 billion contingency fund and carry-forward authorities). ## What it means for you - General public - Government services keep running. Offices stay open, call centres answer, inspections happen, and programs are delivered. - Health protection work continues (food and product safety, disease prevention) through Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada. - Policing and public safety receive ongoing support (RCMP, emergency preparedness). - Travelers and flyers - Airport screening and security continue (Canadian Air Transport Security Authority). - Border services remain staffed and equipped (CBSA funding spans two years to manage large projects and staffing). - Support for VIA Rail and the Windsor–Detroit bridge helps maintain travel options and infrastructure. - Families, renters, and homeowners - Housing programs and community infrastructure receive funding through the Department of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities. - The Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation is reimbursed for loans forgiven and other costs tied to housing programs. - Students and apprentices - About $197 million in long-overdue student and apprentice loans are written off, tidying up accounts. This does not change current loan rules, but it clears debts the government cannot collect. - Indigenous communities - Large operating and contribution funds flow to Indigenous Services and Crown–Indigenous Relations for health, infrastructure, services, and agreements with communities. - Veterans - Veterans Affairs receives funding for benefits administration and services. - Workers and businesses - Canada Revenue Agency and Employment and Social Development get operating funds to administer benefits and tax services. - Innovation, research, and tourism agencies, as well as regional development agencies, receive contributions that support jobs and investment. - CBC/Radio‑Canada, Canada Post, and cultural institutions receive operating and capital support. ## Expenses Estimated total authorized spending in this bill: about CAD $149.8 billion for 2025–26. - Examples of notable allocations in this Act (amounts authorized by this bill): - National Defence: operating, capital, and related grants/contributions totaling over $23 billion. - Indigenous Services Canada: over $15 billion (operating and contributions combined). - Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada: several billion for operating, capital, and contributions. - Housing, Infrastructure and Communities: about $5.3 billion in contributions plus operating and capital. - Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation: about $4.8 billion to reimburse housing-related costs. - Veterans Affairs: several billion for operations and contributions. - CBC/Radio‑Canada: just over $1.0 billion (operating and capital). - Canada Revenue Agency (two-year authority): about $3.5 billion operating and $51 million capital. - Canada Border Services Agency (two-year authority): about $1.9 billion operating and $133 million capital. - Central votes managed by the Treasury Board Secretariat include: - $1.0 billion for contingencies (urgent or unforeseen needs). - Up to $3.0 billion for operating budget carry-forward and $750 million for capital carry-forward from the prior year. - $600 million for pay-related pressures (parental leave, severance, etc.). - About $1.9 billion toward public service insurance and benefits. - Unused funds generally expire (“lapse”) at year-end. For the two-year items (CBSA and CRA), funds can be spent up to March 31, 2027. - This bill does not change tax rates or most legislated benefit payments (those are set by other laws). It authorizes the “voted” spending needed to run programs and services. ## Proponents' View - Keeps essential services running across the country by giving departments the funds they need on time. - Supports priorities like health protection, housing, infrastructure, Indigenous services, defence, and veterans’ care. - Provides stability for big service agencies (CRA, CBSA) by allowing two-year funding for complex projects and staffing. - Includes prudent tools like a contingency fund and carry-forwards to handle emergencies and routine budget timing. - Writes off long-uncollectable student debts to keep the government’s books accurate and transparent. - Sets clear limits and lapsing rules, which help control costs and improve accountability. ## Opponents' View - The overall amount is very large, adding to total government spending; critics worry about pressure on deficits and debt. - Central funds (contingencies and carry-forwards) give flexibility but reduce line-by-line detail at the time of approval. - The bill’s size and complexity make thorough scrutiny hard; some items were already advanced by special warrants before Parliament voted. - Two-year spending for some agencies may lessen annual oversight. - Some allocations to Crown corporations (for example, CBC/Radio‑Canada, Canada Post, VIA Rail) or international contributions may be seen as too high or not targeted enough. - The bill authorizes spending but does not spell out outcomes, so results will depend on later implementation and oversight.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 18 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
Division 17 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
Division 16 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
## Summary This bill is a broad public safety and immigration package. It aims to tighten border controls, speed up action against illegal drugs and money laundering, change parts of the asylum system, and update how agencies share information. - Requires airports, ports, bridges, and similar sites to give the border agency free space and access to inspect exports. - Lets Health add drug precursors (chemicals used to make illegal drugs) quickly and confirms police can be exempt from some drug‑crime rules during lawful undercover work. - Moves the Canadian Coast Guard to the Defence Minister and adds security and intelligence roles. - Expands information‑sharing by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with other governments under written safeguards. - Changes asylum rules (ends the “safe country” list, adds new ineligibility rules, tighter timelines, and allows cases to be paused if the person is outside Canada). - Gives the federal cabinet power to pause, suspend, or end processing of certain immigration applications and to suspend or vary visas and permits in the public interest, with reports to Parliament. - Strengthens anti‑money‑laundering law with higher fines, mandatory compliance agreements and orders, and enrollment of more businesses with FINTRAC (the federal financial intelligence unit). - Updates the Sex Offender Registry to add reporting duties and allow CBSA to share border‑crossing data with police. ## What it means for you - Exporters, carriers, and port/airport operators - Border officers get more access to goods, warehouses, and export areas. Expect more inspections and the need to open packages on request. - Owners of international bridges, tunnels, railways, airports, wharves, and docks must provide CBSA facilities free of charge. - People seeking asylum in Canada - The old “designated countries of origin” system ends. - New ineligibility rules: if you entered after June 24, 2020 and wait more than one year to claim asylum, your claim can be ruled ineligible (with possible exceptions set by regulation). If you crossed the U.S.–Canada land border between official ports and miss the set time limit to claim, you can be ruled ineligible. - If you leave Canada while your claim or appeal is pending, it will be paused; if you voluntarily return to the country you fled before a decision, your claim or appeal is deemed abandoned. - You must give documents and information within set deadlines or risk your claim being deemed abandoned before it is even referred to the Refugee Board. - Immigrants, students, and temporary workers - The federal cabinet can, for public‑interest reasons (e.g., fraud, public health or security), order pauses on accepting certain applications, suspend or end processing of pending applications, or suspend/vary documents and impose conditions. Fees can be repaid without interest if processing is ended. - Officers can require you to answer questions and appear for an examination, including while outside Canada, to confirm you still meet visa or permit requirements. - Families and communities - The Coast Guard shifts under the Defence Minister and is given clearer security and intelligence roles. Expect closer coordination on marine security along with continued search‑and‑rescue and icebreaking. - The Sex Offender Registry adds details and deadlines (like reporting changes to vehicles) and allows CBSA to share travel in/out of Canada with law enforcement to help prevent and investigate sexual offences. - Businesses that handle money or value (banks, fintechs, money services, casinos, real estate, dealers in virtual currency, and others listed in law) - You may have to enroll with FINTRAC (even if not previously registered), keep risk‑based compliance programs, and meet stricter recordkeeping and reporting. - Penalties rise sharply, including potential fines tied to a percentage of global revenue. After a violation, you must enter a compliance agreement; ignoring a compliance order carries even higher penalties. - FINTRAC can share certain intelligence with the Commissioner of Canada Elections. - Police and public safety - Undercover officers, when acting lawfully under designated rules, can be exempted from “inchoate” drug offences (like conspiracy) during investigations. - Monthly public reports will show how many removal orders were enforced and reasons for delays. - Privacy and data sharing - IRCC can share personal information within the department and with other federal and provincial bodies under written agreements that set limits and purposes. Provinces cannot pass that info to foreign entities without the federal minister’s consent and safeguards. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Strengthens border security by giving CBSA better access to export goods and facilities, helping stop guns, drugs, and other contraband from leaving or entering Canada. - Speeds action against illegal drugs by quickly controlling new precursors used to make substances like fentanyl, and by clarifying police powers for undercover operations. - Improves the asylum system by ending the “safe country” list, setting clearer deadlines, and reducing backlogs through abandonment/withdrawal rules and monthly removal reporting. - Gives government tools to quickly respond to fraud, surges, or health/security risks by pausing or adjusting immigration streams, while reporting these actions to Parliament. - Cracks down on money laundering and terrorist financing with higher penalties, mandatory compliance steps, and wider coverage of businesses, protecting Canada’s financial system. - Enhances safety through better sharing of sex offender travel data and more complete registry information to help prevent sexual crimes. - Moves the Coast Guard under Defence to better coordinate marine security while keeping essential services like search and rescue. ## Opponents' View - Grants broad executive power to pause, suspend, or end immigration processing and to suspend or vary visas, which critics say could harm fairness for applicants and create uncertainty for families and employers. - Adds new asylum ineligibility rules (late claims and irregular border entries beyond a time limit) that may bar people with real protection needs who face barriers to filing quickly. - Expands information‑sharing by IRCC and CBSA, raising privacy concerns about how personal data is used, stored, and shared across governments. - Increases inspections and obligations at export sites and warehouses, which could slow trade and add costs for exporters and operators. - Significantly raises compliance costs and legal risks for banks, fintechs, real estate, and other businesses; small firms may struggle with the burden and higher penalties. - Police exemptions during drug investigations and moving the Coast Guard under Defence may be seen as expanding security powers in ways that could affect civil liberties or “militarize” some services.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 59 · Agreed To · December 11, 2025
Division 58 · Agreed To · December 11, 2025
Division 57 · Negatived · December 11, 2025
Division 56 · Negatived · December 11, 2025
## Summary This bill changes who is a Canadian citizen by descent and fixes past gaps that left some people without citizenship. It also sets a clear test for future children and adoptees born or adopted outside Canada and restores citizenship to many “lost Canadians.” - Makes people born outside Canada before the law takes effect citizens if they had a Canadian parent. - For future births abroad, allows citizenship after the first generation if the Canadian parent spent about three years in Canada before the child’s birth. - Extends similar rules to children adopted outside Canada. - Restores citizenship to people who lost it under old “retention” rules. - Lets people who gain citizenship under this bill use a simpler process to give it up if they do not want it. - Confirms citizenship even if a qualifying parent (or grandparent) died before the law took effect. - Start date will be set later by the federal government. ## What it means for you - Canadians born abroad before the law starts - If you were born outside Canada before the law takes effect and had at least one Canadian parent, you become a Canadian automatically from birth. - You would still need to apply for a citizenship certificate (proof of citizenship) to get a passport. - Canadians having children abroad after the law starts - If you are a Canadian who was born outside Canada and you have a child abroad in the future, your child can be a citizen if you were physically in Canada for at least 1,095 days (about three years) before the child’s birth. - If you do not meet the three‑year presence in Canada, your child would not be a citizen by descent and would need another pathway to come to Canada. - Canadians adopting children from abroad - If you adopted a child outside Canada before the law takes effect and you were a Canadian at that time, your child can be granted citizenship. - For future adoptions abroad, your adopted child can be granted citizenship if the Canadian adoptive parent spent at least three years in Canada before the adoption. - People who lost citizenship under old rules - If you lost your citizenship because you did not apply to “retain” it by a deadline under old laws, this bill restores your citizenship automatically. - If you once became a citizen and later renounced it, this bill does not give it back automatically. - Families where a parent died earlier - If your qualifying Canadian parent (or grandparent) died before this bill takes effect, you can still be recognized as a citizen if they would have been Canadian under these new rules. - People who do not want Canadian citizenship - If you become a citizen because of this bill and prefer not to be one, there will be a simpler process to renounce (formally give up) citizenship. ## Expenses No publicly available information. ## Proponents' View - Fixes long‑standing gaps that left “lost Canadians” without status even though they had a Canadian parent. - Keeps a real link to Canada for future generations by requiring about three years’ presence in Canada for parents who pass on citizenship from abroad. - Provides clear, simple rules for both births and adoptions outside Canada, reducing confusion. - Respects personal choice by offering a simplified way to renounce citizenship for those who gain it automatically. - Could reduce court cases and administrative headaches by clarifying who is a citizen from birth. ## Opponents' View - Retroactively adding citizens may strain processing systems and increase passport and certificate backlogs. - The three‑year presence test may be too strict for Canadians who build careers abroad, including aid workers, business people, and students. - Different treatment for children born before versus after the law’s start date could be seen as unfair or confusing. - Implementation may be complex, with many edge cases (for example, counting physical presence days), which could lead to delays or disputes.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 47 · Agreed To · November 5, 2025
Division 45 · Agreed To · November 3, 2025
Division 44 · Agreed To · November 3, 2025
Division 36 · Agreed To · September 22, 2025
## Summary This bill approves extra funding for the federal government for the 2025–26 fiscal year. It authorizes up to $8.58 billion from the federal government’s main bank account (the Consolidated Revenue Fund) to cover costs not already approved. Most of the money goes to National Defence and the Communications Security Establishment (CSE). The authority takes effect as of April 1, 2025. - Total new funding: about $8.58 billion based on the first in‑year update to the budget plan (called Supplementary Estimates A). - Department of National Defence: about $8.21 billion for operations, equipment, and grants/contributions. - Communications Security Establishment (Canada’s signals intelligence and cyber security agency): about $370 million for program costs. - Defence can enter into long‑term contracts up to about $86.76 billion, with roughly $52.95 billion expected to be paid in future years. - Defence and CSE can re‑spend revenue they earn from their own operations this year to offset their costs. - Allows routine accounting adjustments after year‑end to close the books, without new cash payments. ## What it means for you - General public - No direct change to taxes or personal benefits. This is a funding bill to keep approved federal activities running. - More resources for national defence and cyber security, which can affect safety, military readiness, and protection of government systems. - Military members and families - More funding for operations, training, and support activities. Specific programs are not listed here, but the money covers day‑to‑day operating costs and some equipment purchases. - Businesses and organizations - Potential opportunities for contracts or contributions tied to defence equipment, services, supplies, or facilities. - Some agreements may span multiple years, since the bill lets Defence commit to long‑term contracts, with many payments due later. - Transparency and timing - Spending is tied to items listed in the government’s in‑year estimates and must follow any conditions set there. - Some non‑cash accounting entries can be finalized after the fiscal year ends, which helps ensure accurate public accounts. ## Expenses Estimated annual cost: about CAD $8.58 billion. - Department of National Defence: about $8.21 billion - Operating costs: about $3.97 billion - Capital (equipment and infrastructure): about $0.80 billion - Grants and contributions (including support related to defence equipment, services, supplies, or facilities): about $3.44 billion - Communications Security Establishment: about $370 million for program expenditures - Additional authority: Defence may enter into contracts up to about $86.76 billion in total commitments for this cycle, with an estimated $52.95 billion to be paid in future years. This is permission to commit, not extra cash this year. ## Proponents' View - Ensures the military and cyber security agencies have the funds they need to operate and respond to threats. - Updates the budget mid‑year to reflect new needs and timing changes, which keeps services running smoothly. - Allows long‑term contracts so Defence can plan major projects and upgrades over several years. - Lets departments re‑spend revenue they earn from operations in the same year, improving efficiency. - Includes standard controls: money must be used only for the stated purposes and follow conditions in the estimates. ## Opponents' View - Adds a large amount of in‑year spending, which could strain the budget if not offset elsewhere. - Much of the money is grouped under broad votes, which can make it hard for the public to see project‑level details. - Authority to make large future commitments may limit flexibility for future budgets. - Increased funding for intelligence and cyber agencies may raise transparency and privacy concerns for some, even if oversight rules are unchanged. - Risk that long‑term defence projects face delays or cost overruns, reducing value for money.
Votes • Jamil Jivani
Division 22 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
Division 21 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
Division 20 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
Division 55 · Negatived · December 9, 2025
lower · Dec 9, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 54 · Negatived · December 9, 2025
lower · Dec 9, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 50 · Agreed To · November 17, 2025
lower · Nov 17, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 49 · Negatived · November 7, 2025
lower · Nov 7, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 48 · Negatived · November 6, 2025
lower · Nov 6, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 46 · Agreed To · November 4, 2025
lower · Nov 4, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 43 · Agreed To · October 28, 2025
lower · Oct 28, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 42 · Agreed To · October 28, 2025
lower · Oct 28, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 41 · Negatived · October 20, 2025
lower · Oct 20, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 40 · Negatived · October 6, 2025
lower · Oct 6, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 39 · Negatived · October 1, 2025
lower · Oct 1, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 38 · Negatived · September 24, 2025
lower · Sep 24, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 37 · Negatived · September 23, 2025
lower · Sep 23, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 35 · Negatived · September 22, 2025
lower · Sep 22, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 19 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
lower · Jun 17, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 15 · Agreed To · June 17, 2025
lower · Jun 17, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 14 · Negatived · June 17, 2025
lower · Jun 17, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 12 · Agreed To · June 16, 2025
lower · Jun 16, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 11 · Negatived · June 16, 2025
lower · Jun 16, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 10 · Agreed To · June 16, 2025
lower · Jun 16, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 9 · Agreed To · June 16, 2025
lower · Jun 16, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 7 · Negatived · June 11, 2025
lower · Jun 11, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 6 · Negatived · June 11, 2025
lower · Jun 11, 2025
Nay
Conservative
Division 5 · Negatived · June 10, 2025
lower · Jun 10, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 4 · Agreed To · June 5, 2025
lower · Jun 5, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 3 · Agreed To · June 2, 2025
lower · Jun 2, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 2 · Agreed To · June 2, 2025
lower · Jun 2, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 1 · Agreed To · May 29, 2025
lower · May 29, 2025
Yea
Conservative
Division 928 · Agreed To · December 17, 2024
lower · Dec 17, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 927 · Agreed To · December 17, 2024
lower · Dec 17, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 926 · Negatived · December 17, 2024
lower · Dec 17, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 925 · Agreed To · December 12, 2024
lower · Dec 12, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 924 · Agreed To · December 12, 2024
lower · Dec 12, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 920 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 919 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 918 · Negatived · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 917 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 916 · Agreed To · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 915 · Negatived · December 10, 2024
lower · Dec 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 914 · Negatived · December 9, 2024
lower · Dec 9, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 913 · Negatived · December 9, 2024
lower · Dec 9, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 912 · Agreed To · December 5, 2024
lower · Dec 5, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 911 · Agreed To · December 5, 2024
lower · Dec 5, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 908 · Agreed To · December 3, 2024
lower · Dec 3, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 907 · Agreed To · December 3, 2024
lower · Dec 3, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 906 · Agreed To · December 3, 2024
lower · Dec 3, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 905 · Agreed To · December 3, 2024
lower · Dec 3, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 903 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 902 · Negatived · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 901 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 900 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 899 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 898 · Agreed To · November 28, 2024
lower · Nov 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 897 · Agreed To · November 27, 2024
lower · Nov 27, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 896 · Negatived · November 27, 2024
lower · Nov 27, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 895 · Agreed To · November 27, 2024
lower · Nov 27, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 891 · Agreed To · November 26, 2024
lower · Nov 26, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 894 · Agreed To · November 26, 2024
lower · Nov 26, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 893 · Negatived · November 26, 2024
lower · Nov 26, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 892 · Negatived · November 26, 2024
lower · Nov 26, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 890 · Agreed To · November 21, 2024
lower · Nov 21, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 889 · Negatived · November 21, 2024
lower · Nov 21, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 888 · Negatived · November 21, 2024
lower · Nov 21, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 887 · Agreed To · November 19, 2024
lower · Nov 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 886 · Agreed To · November 19, 2024
lower · Nov 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 885 · Agreed To · November 19, 2024
lower · Nov 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 884 · Agreed To · November 19, 2024
lower · Nov 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 883 · Agreed To · November 19, 2024
lower · Nov 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 882 · Agreed To · November 18, 2024
lower · Nov 18, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 881 · Agreed To · November 7, 2024
lower · Nov 7, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 879 · Agreed To · November 6, 2024
lower · Nov 6, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 878 · Agreed To · November 5, 2024
lower · Nov 5, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 877 · Agreed To · November 5, 2024
lower · Nov 5, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 876 · Negatived · November 5, 2024
lower · Nov 5, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 875 · Agreed To · November 5, 2024
lower · Nov 5, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 874 · Agreed To · October 31, 2024
lower · Oct 31, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 873 · Agreed To · October 29, 2024
lower · Oct 29, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 872 · Agreed To · October 29, 2024
lower · Oct 29, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 871 · Agreed To · October 29, 2024
lower · Oct 29, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 870 · Agreed To · October 23, 2024
lower · Oct 23, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 869 · Agreed To · October 9, 2024
lower · Oct 9, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 868 · Agreed To · October 8, 2024
lower · Oct 8, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 867 · Agreed To · October 7, 2024
lower · Oct 7, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 866 · Agreed To · October 2, 2024
lower · Oct 2, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 865 · Negatived · October 1, 2024
lower · Oct 1, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 860 · Agreed To · September 25, 2024
lower · Sep 25, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 858 · Negatived · September 25, 2024
lower · Sep 25, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 857 · Agreed To · September 24, 2024
lower · Sep 24, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 856 · Agreed To · September 19, 2024
lower · Sep 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 854 · Agreed To · September 17, 2024
lower · Sep 17, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 850 · Agreed To · June 19, 2024
lower · Jun 19, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 830 · Agreed To · June 18, 2024
lower · Jun 18, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 828 · Agreed To · June 17, 2024
lower · Jun 17, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 821 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
lower · Jun 13, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 817 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
lower · Jun 13, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 816 · Agreed To · June 13, 2024
lower · Jun 13, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 815 · Negatived · June 13, 2024
lower · Jun 13, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 810 · Agreed To · June 11, 2024
lower · Jun 11, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 808 · Agreed To · June 11, 2024
lower · Jun 11, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 807 · Agreed To · June 11, 2024
lower · Jun 11, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 804 · Agreed To · June 10, 2024
lower · Jun 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 803 · Agreed To · June 10, 2024
lower · Jun 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 797 · Negatived · June 5, 2024
lower · Jun 5, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 796 · Negatived · June 5, 2024
lower · Jun 5, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 793 · Negatived · June 3, 2024
lower · Jun 3, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 786 · Negatived · May 28, 2024
lower · May 28, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 775 · Agreed To · May 28, 2024
lower · May 28, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 773 · Negatived · May 27, 2024
lower · May 27, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 771 · Agreed To · May 22, 2024
lower · May 22, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 770 · Negatived · May 22, 2024
lower · May 22, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 769 · Agreed To · May 22, 2024
lower · May 22, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 768 · Agreed To · May 22, 2024
lower · May 22, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 762 · Negatived · May 21, 2024
lower · May 21, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 760 · Agreed To · May 21, 2024
lower · May 21, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 757 · Agreed To · May 8, 2024
lower · May 8, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 755 · Agreed To · May 8, 2024
lower · May 8, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 754 · Agreed To · May 8, 2024
lower · May 8, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 749 · Agreed To · May 2, 2024
lower · May 2, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 748 · Agreed To · May 2, 2024
lower · May 2, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 747 · Agreed To · May 1, 2024
lower · May 1, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 746 · Agreed To · May 1, 2024
lower · May 1, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 744 · Agreed To · May 1, 2024
lower · May 1, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 743 · Negatived · April 30, 2024
lower · Apr 30, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 742 · Negatived · April 29, 2024
lower · Apr 29, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 739 · Agreed To · April 16, 2024
lower · Apr 16, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 686 · Agreed To · April 11, 2024
lower · Apr 11, 2024
Nay
Conservative
Division 684 · Agreed To · April 10, 2024
lower · Apr 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative
Division 683 · Agreed To · April 10, 2024
lower · Apr 10, 2024
Yea
Conservative